Arabic: An Essential Grammar

1

َعَمَتْجِإ

2

/ ِسْم

2

َةَحِراَبْل

3

ّ ثَمُم

ِ

وُل

4

ِتاَباَق َّ نل

5

ْنَع اوُم َّ لَكَتَو

6

ِعْفَر

7

ِروُجُأ

( ٌرْجَأ )

8

ِلا َّ مُعْل

9

. َنيِف َّ ظَوُمـْلَو

(9)

ig ̆tama



a

amsi /

al-ba ̄rih

̇

ata mumat

̄

t

̄

ilu ̄ n-niqa ̄ba ̄ti wa-takallamu ̄



an

raf



i

ug ̆u ̄ri l-



umma ̄li wa-l-muwad

̄ ̇

d

̄ ̇

afı

• na.
  3
  The representatives of
  4
  the trade unions
  1
  met
  2
  yesterday
  5
  and talked

about

6

increasing the

7

wages of

8

workers and

9

civil servants

(employees).

وُفَّ ظَوُم

1

ِةَكِر َّ شل

2

َنوُلِمْعَتْسَي

3

ًةَداَع

4

ِمِهِتاَرا َّيَس

5

اَمَدْنِع َة َّ صاَخـْل

6

يِف َنوُرِفاَسُي

7

ٍتَلاْحِر

8

. ٍةَليِوَط

(10) muwad

̇ ̄

d

̇ ̄

afu ̄ sˇ-sˇarikati yasta



milu ̄na



a ̄datan sayya ̄ra ̄ti-himi l-h

̆

a ̄s

̇

s

̇

ata



indama ̄ yusa ̄firu ̄na fı- rih

̇

la ̄tin t

̇

awı-latin.

The employees of

1

the company

3

usually

2

use

4

their

5

own cars when

6

they travel on

8

long

7

trips.

1

َلَداَبَت

2

ِناَشْيَجـْل

3

َرا َّ نل

4

َنِم ِبْرُقْلˆِب

5

(^) َّمُث ( ٌّدَح ).s ِدوُدُحـْل
6
اَمَدْنِع اَعَجاَرَت
7
ْتَل َّ خَدَت
8
ُتا َّوُق
9
( ٌةَّمُأ ).s ُِمَمْ لأ
01

. ِةَدِح َّ تُمـْل

(11) taba ̄dala l-g ̆aysˇa ̄ni n-na ̄ra bi-l-qurbi mina l-h

̇

udu ̄di t

̄

umma tara ̄g ̆a



a ̄



indama ̄ tadah

̆

h

̆

alat quwwa ̄tu l-

umami l-muttah

̇

idati.

2

The two armies

1

exchanged

3

fire

4

near

5

the border, then

6

they with-

drew when

10

the United

9

Nations

8

forces

7

intervened.

1

َعَفَد

2

ّ طل

ِ

ُلْف

3

ِةَلِوا َّ طل ِنَع َسْأَكْل

4

ىَلَع َطَقَسَف

5

ِضْرْ َلأ

6

َرَسَكْنˆَف

7

ْتَرَشَتْنَو

8

يِف ( ٌةَرْسَك ).s ُهُتاَرْسَك

9

(^) َّلُك
01

. ٍناَكَم

(12) dafa



a t

̇

-t

̇

iflu l-ka

sa



ani t

̇

-t

̇

a ̄wilati fa-saqat

̇

a



ala ̄ l-

ard

̇

i fa-nkasara wa-

ntasˇarat kasara ̄tu-hu fı

• kulli maka ̄nin.
  2
  The child
  1
  pushed
  3
  the glass off the table
  4
  so it fell on
  5
  the floor and
  6
  broke and
  8
  the pieces
  7
  went
  9,10
  everywhere (lit.
  8
  the pieces
  7
  spread into
  9
  every
  10
  place).

1

ُتاَراـ َّ يـَس ْتَقَلَطْنِإ

2

ىَلَع ِقاَب َّ سل

3

ِقيِرَطل

4

ُثْيَح

5

َعَمَتْج

6

َنوُدِهاَشُمـْل

7

َنوُس َّ مَحَتَي

8

. ْمُهَل

(13)

int

̇

alaqat sayya ̄ra ̄tu s-siba ̄qi



ala ̄ t

̇

-t

̇

arı

• qi h
  ̇

ayt

̄

u g ̆tama



a l-musˇa ̄hidu ̄na

yatah

̇

ammasu ̄na la-hum.

126

Derived

verb forms,

transitive

and

intransitive

verbs