flux, 383
space, 210 – 212
“Quantization as an Eigenvalue Problem”
(Schrödinger), 167
Quantum (quanta), 61
Quantum chromodynamics, 492, 496
Quantum electrodynamics, 221, 222
Quantum mechanics, 160 – 199
expectation values, 170 – 174
finite potential well, 183, 184
harmonic oscillator, 187 – 192
linearity/superposition, 169, 170
normalization, 162, 163
operators, 172 – 174
particle in a box, 177 – 183
Schrödinger equation. SeeSchrödinger equation
steady-state Schrödinger equation, 174 – 177
time-dependent Schrödinger equation, 166–169
tunnel effect, 184 – 186, 193 – 196
wave equation, 164 – 166
wave function, 162, 163
well-behaved wave functions, 163
Quantum number, 107, 133, 530
atomic electron, of, 231
elementary particles, 485 – 489
magnetic, 210 – 212
orbital, 208 – 210
principal, 205 – 208
rotational, 283
vibrational, 287
Quantum physics, 138
Quantum statistics, 305 – 310
Quantum theory of hydrogen atom, 200 – 227
electron probability density, 212 – 218
magnetic quantum number, 210 – 212
orbital quantum number, 208 – 210
principal quantum number, 205 – 208
quantum electrodynamics, 221, 222
radiative transitions, 218 – 220
Schrödinger equation, 201 – 203
selection rules, 220, 221
separation of variables, 203 – 205
Zeeman effect, 223 – 226
Quantum theory of light, 63 – 68
Quark confinement, 492 – 494
Quarks, 489 – 494
Quasar, 34, 88Radiation
blackbody, 57 – 62
Cerenkov, 8
electromagnetic, 55
phosphorescent, 293
rf, 396
Radiation dosage, 423
Radiation hazards, 422, 423
Radiation intensity, 84
Radiative transitions, 218 – 220
Radioactive delay, 419 – 424
Radioactive equilibrium, 432Index 539
Radioactive series, 430 – 432
Radiocarbon, 428
Radiometric dating, 428, 429
Radon, 423
Ramsay, William, 313
Rare earths, 236
Rayleigh, Lord, 58, 311, 313
Rayleigh-Jeans formula, 59 – 61, 311–313
Rebka, Glen A., 86
Reduced mass, 141, 283
Reference books, 525 – 527
Reines, F., 440
Relativistic length contraction, 17
Relativistic mass, 25
Relativistic momentum, 22 – 26
Relativistic second law, 25
Relativistic velocity transformation, 44
Relativity, 1 – 51
doppler effect, 10 – 15
electricity and magnetism, 19 – 21
general, 33 – 36
gravity and light, 34
length contraction, 15 – 17
Lorentz transformation, 37 – 45
mass and energy, 26 – 30
massless particles, 31
relativistic momentum, 22 – 26
spacetime, 46 – 48
special, 2 – 5
time dilation, 5 – 10
twin paradox, 17 – 19
Relaxation time, 396
Renormalization, 222
Repulsive energy, 340
Resistance, 350
Resistivity, 352, 353
Resonance, 448
Resonance particles, 482 – 484
Rest energy, 27
Rest mass, 24, 390
Reverse bias, 362
rf radiation, 396
Ring nebula (Lyra), 328
RMS speed, 303
Rock salt, 268
Roentgen, Wilhelm Konrad, 68, 69, 420
Rohrer, Heinrich, 186
Root-mean-square (RMS) speed, 303
Rotational energy levels, 282 – 285
Rotational quantum number, 283
Rotational spectra, 284
Rotational states, 282
Rotations about bond axis, 283
Rotella, Frank J., 106
Ruby laser, 148, 149
Ruska, Ernst, 186
Rutherford, Ernest, 120, 121, 256, 389
Rutherford model of atom, 122, 124
Rutherford scattering, 123, 152 – 157
Rutherford scattering formula, 122, 126,
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