Rydberg atoms, 135
Rydberg constant, 129Salam, Abdus, 494, 495
Saturation, 398
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM), 160,
186, 187
Scattering, 72, 73
Scattering angle, 152 – 154
Schawlow, Arthur, 147
Schrieffer, J. Robert, 381, 382
Schrödinger, Erwin, 93, 161, 167
Schrödinger equation
fundamental equation of quantum mechanics,
as, 163
hydrogen atom, 201 – 203
linearity, 169
steady-state form, 174 – 177
time-dependent form, 166 – 169
Schultz, Arthur J., 106
Schwarzschild radius, 89
Schwinger, Julian, 222, 495
Scientific American, 525
Screw dislocation, 338
Second Brillouin zone, 371
Selection rules, 220, 221
Semiconductor devices, 361 – 369
Semiconductor laser, 364, 365
Semiconductor lasers, 151
Semiconductors, 359 – 361
Semiempirical binding-energy formula, 407
Series limit, 129
Shell, 238 – 240
Shell model, 408 – 412
Shockley, William, 382
Short-range order, 336, 337
SI units, 530
Sieverts (Sv), 422
Silicon, 344, 358 – 361, 364
Silicon carbide, 344
Simultaneity, 44, 45
Singlet, 254
Slow neutron cross sections, 445
Snowflake, 347
Soddy, Frederick, 121
Sodium, 260, 355 – 357
Sodium chloride, 339
Solar cell, 364
Solar neutrino mystery, 480
Solid state, 335 – 386
amorphous solids, 336, 337
band theory of solids, 354 – 361
bound electron pairs, 381 – 385
buckyballs, 344
conductors, 355 – 358
covalent crystals, 342 – 344, 349
crystalline solids, 336 – 338
energy bands (alternate analysis), 369 – 376
FET, 367 – 369
hydrogen bonds, 346, 347540 Index
insulators, 358, 359
ionic crystals, 338 – 342, 349
Josephson junctions, 384, 385
junction diode, 362 – 365
junction transistor, 367
metallic bond, 348 – 353
nanotubes, 344
Ohm’s law, 350
optical properties of solids, 359
photodiodes, 364
semiconductor devices, 361 – 369
semiconductors, 359 – 361
superconductivity, 376 – 381
tunnel diode, 365, 366
van der Waals bond, 345, 346, 349
Weidemann-Franz law, 354
Zener diode, 366, 367
Source, 368
sp^2 hybrids, 279
sp^3 hybrids, 279
Space quantization, 210 – 212
Spacetime, 46 – 48
Spacetime intervals, 47, 48
Sparticle, 497
Special relativity, 2 – 5
Specific heats of solids, 320 – 323
Spectra
absorption line, 128
atomic, 127 – 130, 259 – 263
blackbody, 58
electronic, of molecules, 291 – 293
emission line, 128
energy levels and, 135 – 138
hydrogen, 136
rotational, 284
vibrational, 288
vibration-rotation, 291
x-ray, 254 – 258
Spectral series, 129, 130
Spectrometer, 127
Speed limit, 8
Speed of light, 8
Spherical polar coordinates, 201
Spin, 229, 393, 394
Spin angular momentum, 230
Spin-orbit coupling, 247 – 249
Spontaneous emission, 146, 318
SQUID, 385
Stable nuclei, 396 – 399, 411
Standard deviation, 110
Standard Model, 496
Stars, 461 – 463
Statistical distributions, 297, 298
Statistical mechanics, 296 – 334
black holes, 331
Bose-Einstein condensate, 309
Bose-Einstein distribution function, 307,
308, 310
bosons/fermions, 306, 307
defined, 297
dying stars, 327 – 331bei48482_ind.qxd 3/6/02 1:25 AM Page 540