Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt

Chronology of Major Events xv

Egypt Near East and Mediterranean

Eratosthenes, Archimedes, and Euclid
are in Egypt Rome conquers Gaul
The Ptolemaic Empire begins its
steady decline Julius Caesar defeats his rivals in the Roman
Civil War
The Rosetta Stone is erected Augustan Age begins with the birth of the
Roman Empire
Cleopatra VII ascends the throne and
begins the last reign of the Ptolemies
Julius Caesar comes to Alexandria
Antony and Cleopatra are defeated at the
Battle of Actium
Egypt falls to the legions of Octavian (Augustus)
The end of the Ptolemaic dynasty and beginning
of the Roman occupation of Egypt