260 Index
causation, 86, 135, 144
backwards, 163
cause and explanation, 126
cause, efficient, 86–7, 99–100, 118, 123,
125–6, 135, 230, 234, 236
final, 99
formal, 121, 243
must be actual, 23–4, 104, 120–1,
130, 199, 230, 234–6, 244
not deterministic, 125–6
self-explanatory, 105
varieties of, 86–7, 90, 99, 101, 110,
123, 155, 227, 244
ceteris paribus clauses, 100
chance, 14, 66–8, 70, 95, 111–13, 144,
159, 166, 212, 214 –15, 225
change, cause of, 103–4, 120–1, 124,
129–31, 229
chaos theory, 23, 155
chaos, why not?, 110 –15
Chesterton, G.K., 184
chicken and egg problem, 159, 225
Christianity, 3, 8, 24 –5, 28, 43, 54,
59, 68–9, 79–81, 86, 139, 142–3,
184 –6, 189–90, 223, 228, 246
‘Christianity’, vagueness of term, 28
Church, authoritative, 80, 147–8,
183–4, 190 –1
Churchland, P., 96, 100
Clark, A., 158
Clement of Alexandria, 3
co-extensive concepts, 106–7, 174
Coady, C.A.J., 56
common sense, ix, 7, 9, 11, 27, 35,
76–7, 96, 107, 172–3, 195, 210,
217–18, 237–9
complexity, irreducible, 214, 224–6
concept-forming ability, 102–4, 106,
120 –1, 228–31
concepts, adequate, 124–5
and extensions, 106–7, 133, 157, 172,
174
and natures, 84, 107, 174–6, 189–91,
197, 228–30, 232–3, 235, 237,
240, 243
based on images, 124–5
derived from experience, 134–5
distinct from sets, 106
formed to suit needs, 153–4, 163,
196–7, 227, 233
not explainable by evolution, 116
origin of, 102–7, 116, 120–1,
126, 134, 172, 179, 228–31,
240
possession of, 172
conditions, of enquiry, 83
of possibility, 1–2
necessary and sufficient, 18, 126
consciousness, 157–8
a problem for materialism, 157–8,
213, 217
in robots, 158
value of, 26–7
constants of nature, 15–16, 18–21,
24–6, 29, 111, 115
contingent being, 35–7, 113, 118–19,
121–2, 124, 135, 160–1, 199, 205,
234, 242–3
Copleston, F.C., 35–7
cosmological argument, 22, 35–7,
104–5, 111, 116, 118–21, 126,
129, 160, 162, 164, 171, 176,
179–80, 230, 233–4
counterfactuals, 106, 134, 157, 172,
201, 211
counterpart theory, 201, 204
Craig, W.L., 210
creationex nihilo, 160, 210, 242
as magic, 211, 215
‘creationist science’, 50, 80, 95–6
Creed, Apostles’, 46, 52, 79, 184
Crick, F., 226Darwin, C., 80, 225–6
Davidson, D., 175, 181, 227
Davies, P., 7, 9, 15, 69–70
Dawkins, R., 13, 214–15
deism, 8, 146–7, 213
deliberation, 101, 108
Dennett, D., 93–4, 105