ECMO-/ECLS

Bilirubin may be toxic to the brainstem. In jaundiced term infants who do not have hemolysis, an association that might exist be ...

Poor caloric intake and/or dehydration may contribute to the development of hyperbilirubinemia. Increasing the frequency of nurs ...

Major risk factors for severe hyperbilirubinemia Total Serum Bilirubin (TSB) or Transcutaneous Bilirubin (TcB) in the high risk ...

Techniques to lower the level of TSB include:  fluid intake to maximize renal excretion (not proven to be effective, but may im ...

Phototherapy is contraindicated in infants with porphyria or those on photosensitizing drugs. (^) Figure 1:The nomogram above de ...

Figure 2 (above): AAP Guidelines for phototherapy in hospitalized infants of ≥ 35 weeks’ gestation. The nomogram in Figure 1 led ...

Figure 3: AAP Guidelines for exchange transfusion in infants ≥ 35 weeks’ gestation. (^) (From the AAP Clinical Practice Guidelin ...

Term infants who are sick or who have hemolysis require full evaluation. As a rule of thumb, start phototherapy early, and begin ...

include infection, SAH, hypoglycemia, drug withdrawal, intracranial pathology, electrolyte abnormalities First line anticonvulsa ...

H Y P O X I C - I S C H E M I C E N C E P H A L O P A T H Y ( H I E ) Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury may occur during the perinat ...

Evaluation of HIE Sarnat's Scale is common method to evaluate the degree of HIE in an infant. This scale was initially presented ...

Long-term Follow-Up of HIE These children need neurodevelopmental follow-up in the Developmental or Neuro clinics. This should o ...

P E R S I S T E N T P U L M O N A R Y H Y P E R T E N S I O N O F T H E N E W B O R N ( P P H N ) / P E R S I S T E N T F E T A ...

NORMAL PULMONARY VASCULAR TRANSITION: At birth, physiologically high PVR decreases and there is 10 to15- fold increase in pulmon ...

Systemic pressure rises from: Removal of placenta from circulation and rise in left ventricular output, aided by increased prelo ...

with MAS requiring mechanical ventilation. Surfactant decreases the need for ECMO in MAS. Pneumonia/Sepsis: Bacterial endotoxin ...

Lung hypoplasia: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, an important cause of lung hypoplasia, is often associated with PPHN. CDH affe ...

administration of Oxygen (HLHS); neonates with severe PPHN may not show improvement in saturation with oxygen. In addition, incr ...

OXYGEN INDEX: Important estimate of the severity of respiratory failure in neonates- primarily based on oxygenation in relation ...

oxygen or ventilator pressures that can injure the lung. Hyperventilation can also have adverse effects on cerebral perfusion an ...