Handbook for Sound Engineers

792 Chapter 23 is 6 dB. This means that the 3 dB cutoff point has moved somewhat lower. We can analyze a filter in the Laplace d ...

Filters and Equalizers 793 23.2.4.4 Elliptical The elliptical filter has a ripple in both the pass band and the stop band, with ...

794 Chapter 23 filter sections to be connected together without concerns for mutual interference. More advanced active filters u ...

Filters and Equalizers 795 (23-47) where d is the damping factor, Rf is the op-amp feedback resistance, R 0 is the resistance be ...

796 Chapter 23 The values of R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 are not critical and should be chosen for minimum dc offset at each op- ...

Filters and Equalizers 797 (23-53) where, P(s) and Q(s) are polynomials expressible in the form P(s)=(s  p 1 )(s  p 2 )...(s  ...

798 Chapter 23 related by the Fourier transform. Digital filters make use of extensively recursive algorithms involving multipli ...

Filters and Equalizers 799 23.5.1.2 FIR Length The required number of taps (N) in an FIR filter at a sample rate (fS) for a give ...

800 Chapter 23 (23-61) This gives us the expression for the Z transform: (23-62) The biquad has two poles in the denominator and ...

Filters and Equalizers 801 four sliders for 800 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1250 Hz, and 1600 Hz were set to +5 dB. The overall peak is greater ...

802 Chapter 23 value but can also be configured so that the Q varies with gain. 23.6.3.2 Symmetric or Asymmetric Q Straightforwa ...

803 Chapter 24 Delay by Steven McManus 24.1 Delay............................................................................... ...

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Delay 805 24.1 Delay Delay is relative. For a delay to have an effect on a sound it must be heard in conjunction with the origin ...

806 Chapter 24 ally adding reverberation to it will make the sound appear to move away out in front of you. The sound can be mad ...

Delay 807 setups where another loudspeaker can act as the refer- ence. It is not generally desirable for loudspeakers in a sys- ...

808 Chapter 24 35 ms. We can now analyze the sound at each of the three points: The loudspeaker is 6 dB louder than the source ...

Delay 809 A tapped delay a shown in Fig. 24-9 is suitable for creating early reflections. Delays T 1 ... TN are unequal in lengt ...

810 Chapter 24 side sounds to prevent these from being added to the delayed sound. 24.3.3 Tape Delay A more practical early impl ...

Delay 811 units. Digital shift registers are conceptually similar to analog CTD devices with the important advantage that only t ...