INDEX A75PAC s , see political action committees
Paine, Thomas, 26, 28
Pakistan, 293, 469–70, 471
Palestinians, 304
Palin, Sarah, 217
Panama, 471
Panama Canal, 471
paradox of voting, 212
pardons, 33, 40, 98, 306
Paris, Treaty of, 359
parks, national, 9
Parks, Rosa, 401
Parliament, British, 25
parliamentary system, 6, 33
parties in service, 168
partisanship cues, 214
party coalitions, 174–75, 176
party identifi cation (party ID), 173–74, 174 , 175
party in government, 164, 171–73
developing agendas and, 181
party in the electorate, 164, 173–75
party organization, 164, 169–71
party platforms, 179–80, 198
party principle, 165–66
party systems, 164–68
realignment in, 168–69
party unity, loyalty, 274
patents, 38
Patriot Act, see USA PATRIOT Act
Patriot Guard Riders, 89
Paul, Rand, 130
Paul, Ron, 130, 203
Paulson, Henry, 445
payroll taxes, 439, 440
Social Security funded by, 453, 454, 454,
455, 457
Peace Corps, 296
peak associations, 233
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 472
Pelosi, Nancy, 163
Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883), 332
Pennsylvania, 27, 180, 264
Pentagon Papers, 101–2
per curiam opinions, 378
permanent campaign, 202–3, 202
Perot, Ross, 184, 200
Perry, Rick, 204
Persian Gulf War, 153, 297, 303
personal information, 93, 113
Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Act (1996), 71
Pew Charitable Trusts, 147
Pew Trust poll, 125
Philadelphia, Pa., 27, 27, 65
Philippines, 472, 473
Phoenix, Ariz., 389
phone banks, 204
photography, Internet and, 149
photography, Internet and fabricated, 149
picket fence federalism, 68
Pierce, Franklin, 295
Pig Book, 273
plaintiff , 361
Planned Parenthood, 116
plea bargaining, 362
Pledge of Allegiance, 44, 45, 374
Plessy v. Ferguson, 393
Plunkitt, George Washing ton, 332–33
pluralism, 31
plurality opinions, 378
plurality voting, 195
pocket vetoes, 304
Pointer v. Texas, 96
polarization:
ideological, 139–40
of political parties, 172–73
police, 9, 58, 72, 77, 93, 101, 110, 111, 114
brutality of, 402, 405
patrol oversight, 345
police powers, 58, 74
police raids, 396
policy agenda, 428
policy mood, 142, 143
political action committees (PACs), 170,
208–9, 244–46, 244, 269
campaign contribution limits on, 208–9,
208, 244
political appointees, 325
political campaigns, 99–100, 127, 138, 142,
200–212
interest groups and, 206, 207, 210, 232,
243–46
political parties in providing assistance
for, 179, 180, 203, 208, 210
political candidates, 127, 129
political cartoons, 103
political coalitions, 272
political machines, 166, 166
political participation, 5, 12, 13, 80, 127, 130
political parties, 84
accountability of, 181–82, 185
affi liation with, 161–62
as brand names, 170, 204
campaign assistance provided by, 179,
180, 203, 208, 210
coalitions in, 174–75, 176
developing agendas and, 181
eff ects of civil service on, 332–33
electoral college and, 33
in European countries, 163
history of U.S., 164–68, 164
identifi cation with, 128, 129, 130, 132,
139–40, 140
ideolog y and, 14, 16–17
infl uence on electoral college of, 33
interest groups vs., 231
minor and independent, 182–85, 184,
193, 209
modern, 169–75
party identifi cation of electorate and,
163–64, 173–74, 174 , 175
party in government and, 164, 171–73
party organizations of, 163–68, 169–71
polarization of, 172–73
political platforms of, 179–80, 198
public opinion and, 128, 132
realignments in, 168–69
recruiting and nomination of candidates
by, 193–94, 202
strategizing for next election and, 202
see also Democratic Party, U.S.;
Republican Party, U.S.
political process:
appointments and, 298–300bureaucracy infl uenced by, 336–37, 341,
342, 343, 349
bureaucrats’ infl uence on, 9, 12, 325–26,
328, 330–31, 332–33
civil liberties and, 109
Constitution and, 94
courts and, 356, 358–59
government structure and, 58–60
importance of, 297
laws and, 63–64
legal system procedures and, 364
separation of powers and, 61–62
political realignments, 131
political socialization, 130, 130, 131–32
politicians, public opinion and, 127, 132–35,
138, 140–41, 144–45
Politico.com, 147, 148
politicos, 260
Politico’s Playbook, 148
politics:
class and, 14, 30
defi nition of, 9
economic regulation and, 445
infl uence on everyday life of, 57, 75, 296
public awareness of, 12, 127–28, 127, 128,
130, 138, 153
”red states” vs. “blue states” in, 14, 17
in Supreme Court decision making,
378–82
polity, 6
Polk, James, 295
polling, 133
polling places, 195, 196
polls:
interpretation of, 135
telephone, 136–37
uses of, 128
see also surveys
polygamy, 107
popular vote, 199–200, 200
populist democracy, 31–32
pork-barrel spending, 258, 262, 263, 271, 273,
285
see also earmarks
pornography, 14, 44, 95, 103–4, 112, 119
Portugal, 486
position taking, 263
Post Offi ce, U.S., 9, 13, 38, 59, 324
growth of, 332, 337
tests for, 340
poverty, 14, 72, 426, 428, 451–52
age and rates of, 451, 452
geographical distribution of, 397, 398
Great Society eff ect on, 334
income support and welfare programs
for, 449–50, 459–61
racial divide in, 397
social policy and impact on, 451, 452
state diff erences in, 82
War on, 296, 450, 461
Powell v. Alabama, 96
power of the purse, 41, 429
precedent (stare decisis), 362
Supreme Court cases overruling, 362,
363
in Supreme Court decision making, 379
prerogative powers, 32–33