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even management actions. If these are unattainable in practice, the policy goal itself is also unattainable. An example is provi ...
Part 1 Wildlife ecology ...
...
2 Biomes This chapter provides a brief overview of the main ecological divisions in the world and will supply a background of na ...
grasslands, semi-desert scrub, and deserts. We include one group of marine biomes. Walter (1973) provides more detailed descript ...
Temperate forests can be divided into deciduous forests, rainforests, and evergreen forests. Deciduous trees drop their leaves a ...
is found in the Amazon basin of South America, but other forests are found in central and west Africa, southeast Asia, Indonesia ...
members of the Proteaceae. All are adapted to a period of slow growth and the pre- vention of water loss by closing stomata duri ...
Temperate grasslands are similar to the tropical savannas in that they support peren- nial grasses and are often maintained by f ...
relatively hot every day. Several plant types (Senecio,Lobelia) show gigantism – plant genera which are small herbs in temperate ...
The surface layers of the pelagic biome receive light and so support phytoplankton, small single-cell algae, and diatoms. These ...
3 Animals as individuals In order to manage a population we need to know something about the character- istics of its members. W ...
(a) There is competition for resources between individuals. (b) Those individuals that are most capable of obtaining the resourc ...
Convergence occurs when organisms of different ancestry (i.e. from different phyletic groups) adapt to similar environments and ...
the same homesite. In North America the hoary marmot (Marmota caligata), a rodent of similar size, lives in rock piles on the mo ...
those environments (Schluter 2000). The best-known example is that of Darwin’s finches on the Galapagos Islands (Grant 1986; Sch ...
Some 150 million years ago there were two great landmasses, Laurasia in the north and Gondwana in the south. Figure 3.3 shows ho ...
After the two continents joined, a few South American forms moved north, for example the armadillos and sloths, but most died ou ...
extinct in North America. Typical American mammals are deer (Odocoileus), moun- tain goat (Oreamnos), and pronghorn (Antilocapra ...
Madagascar, Hawaii, and Easter Island only about 1000 years ago (Martin and Steadman 1999). Although there is considerable debat ...
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