The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction

264 CHAPTER TEN leaders. The number of quasi-religious groups skyrocketed from 98 in 1924 to more than 1,000 in 1935. To escape ...

BUDDHISM IN JAPAN 265 and production goals. Traditional manuals on military strategy were studied as guides to capturing domesti ...

266 CHAPTER TEN known for its aggressive proselytizing, not only in Japan but also throughout Asia and the West, employing such ...

BUDDHISM IN JAPAN 267 as Buddhist guardian deities and other kami, Niwano practiced name divina- tion-they advised the patient o ...

268 CHAPTER TEN fostering a sense of gratitude for those who have given one life: the Eternal Buddha; one's ancestors, distant a ...

BUDDHISM IN JAPAN 269 The basic premise is that secular activity, when approached with the proper attitude, provides the ideal a ...

270 CHAPTER TEN be found for the first. The development of almost all of these movements falls into the two phases that we have ...

11 Buddhism in the Tibetan Cultural Area 11.1 A Tantric Orthodoxy T he Tib"etan cultural area covers the lands in which the Tibe ...

272 CHAPTER ELEVEN the question of how the states attained in Buddhist mind development corre- sponded to the altered states of ...

BUDDHISM IN THE TIBETAN CULTURAL AREA 273 11.2 The Conversion of Tibet What little is known of pre-Buddhist Tibetan religion ind ...

274 CHAPTER ELEVEN Tibet's imperial power reached its peak during Trhisong Detsen's reign, as China was in the throes of the An ...

BUDDHISM IN THE TIBETAN CULTURAL AREA 275 Tibetans regard him as a second Buddha, eclipsing Sakyamuni in importance for their co ...

276 CHAPTER ELEVEN Buddhist Tantric practices, and a number of them made the trip to India for further initiations and texts. On ...

BUDDHISM IN THE TIBETAN CULTURAL AREA 277 ence to the Vinaya (Strong EB, sec. 7.4). On the other hand, he himselfhad studied und ...

278 CHAPTER ELEVEN became the first hierarch of the Sakya order, which was to become the domi- nant political power in Tibet in ...

BUDDHISM IN THE TIBETAN CULTURAL AREA 279 practices-such as Tantric rituals centered on native Tibetan deities-for which no Indi ...

280 CHAPTER ELEVEN Dzogchen tradition, but early Dzogchen documents from the tenth and eleventh centuries were careful to point ...

BUDDHISM IN THE TIBETAN CULTURAL AREA 281 However, because the two propagations ofDharma to Tibet had resulted in two distinct c ...

282 CHAPTER ELEVEN accepted by Tibetan officialdom. Hwa-shang, the Chinese representative at the debate, came to be depicted as ...

BUDDHISM IN THE TIBETAN CULTURAL AREA 283 Buddhist doctrine as a whole than in systematizing Dzogchen theory and prac- tice. He ...