Understanding and Teaching the Pronunciation of English.pdf

Phonological filter The way our brains let us hear the sounds of our own language very e#ciently, but ignore or “!lter out” unfa ...

Phonological processes Sound changes that happen naturally to make combinations of sounds easier to pronounce. The most common p ...

Phonology, phonologist The study of speech sounds in language—the sounds themselves, how they are produced, and how they work to ...

Phrasal verb or two-word verb A verb with two or more parts that work together to form a compound verb, such as put on, get up, ...

Pitch A measure of how high or low the voice is at a particular point in time. (This means high or low in the sense that a music ...

Place of articulation A description of which parts of the vocal apparatus are working when we produce a particular consonant sou ...

Polysyllabic word A word with more than one syllable. (“Poly” means “many.”) Related Glossary Terms Index Section 5 - The Vowels ...

Popcorn reading A teaching technique in which the teacher calls on students, in seating order or at random, to take turns readin ...

Positive and negative slope A line with a positive slope is lower on the left and higher on the right. It goes uphill: A line wi ...

Prefix A word part that is placed before a word root to change its meaning (as in happy/ unhappy or port/transport). Related Glo ...

Prescriptive rules Rules that are written to try to tell people how they should talk or how language should work. These rules ar ...

Primary stress One syllable in every polysyllabic word is pronounced with more emphasis than the others. This syllable has the p ...

Proclaiming tone A pitch pattern used to mark new information in a thought group. New information, which most often comes near t ...

Prominence, focus, or sentence stress The word or syllable in each thought group that receives more stress than the others is ca ...

Prosody The patterns of intonation and stress in a language (some of the suprasegmental features). The term prosody is often use ...

Received Pronunciation (RP) The standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England. It ...

Reduced form of a word The pronunciation of a word when it is said in normal speech at a normal speed, and it is not being stres ...

Reduced syllable Vowels in unstressed syllables can become weaker, quicker, and less clear. They often (but not always) become / ...

Referring tone A pitch pattern used to mark a thought group giving old information. Thought groups that give old, shared informa ...

Restrictions on rules Limits on how the rules of a language apply. These are based on observation of what actually happens in th ...