Understanding and Teaching the Pronunciation of English.pdf

Transliterate To change words from one writing system to another by substituting the closest possible symbols in the other langu ...

Trill A consonant sound that is produced with rapid vibration of the tongue against some part of the mouth. In some languages, a ...

Two-word verb or phrasal verb A verb with two or more parts that work together to form a compound verb, such as put on, get up, ...

Unaspirated Pronounced without an extra pu" of air. In English, voiceless stops are unaspirated when they come after /s/ at the ...

Unreleased stop When we start to say a stop by blocking o" the $ow of air in our mouth, but we don’t release the air, it’s calle ...

Unstressed syllable A syllable in a polysyllabic word that does not receive stress. In English, vowels in unstressed syllables o ...

Variable word stress In some cases, the position of stress in a word can change if this will help maintain a more comfortable ov ...

Velar A sound pronounced with the back of the tongue touching the soft palate. The sounds in this group are /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/. R ...

Velarized Pronounced with the tongue raised toward the velum, or soft palate. Related Glossary Terms Index Section 4 - The Conso ...

Velum The softer part of the roof of the mouth, farther back than the hard palate. The velum is also called the soft palate. Rel ...

Visual learning modality Learning through seeing. Related Glossary Terms Index Section 7 - Teaching Consonants and Vowels Sectio ...

Visual, auditory, kinesthetic learning modalities Visual learning modality: Learning through seeing. Auditory learning modality ...

Vocal cords or vocal folds Two small membranes in the throat that vibrate together to produce the sound of the voice. A drawing ...

Vocal tract The space in the throat, mouth, and nose where sounds are produced. Related Glossary Terms Index Section 3 - The Art ...

Voice quality The overall characteristics of a speaker’s voice, such as average pitch, tenseness of the muscles of the throat an ...

Voiced sound A sound that is produced with vibration of the vocal cords. In English, some consonants are voiced, and all vowels ...

Voiceless sound A sound that is produced without vibration of the vocal cords. In English, some consonants are voiceless, but no ...

Voicing A quality of a sound that depends on whether the vocal cords are vibrating when it is pronounced. A sound that is produc ...

Vowel A sound in which the air stream moves out though the vocal tract very smoothly. Words like apple, east, over, and out begi ...

Vowel quadrant A diagram showing the approximate tongue positions for the vowels of a language. Here is a vowel quadrant for the ...