Erica Schwarz CARSON:“carson_index” — 2008/5/27 — 14:41 — page 496 — #6496Index
distance matrices, methods based on 17
diversity cascades 280, 281–2, 281 , 284
diversity maintenance, and colonization-related
trade-offs 182–95
diversity, spatial variation in 15–18
dominance–diversity curves, comparing tropical
diversity among FDPs 103, 104
drift hypothesis, and dynamics of BCI tree
community 151 , 156, 156
drug discovery research, process of 432
new lead compounds 432
ecological divergence 81
trait pull and push 81
ecological hypotheses, problems for testing of 12
ecological meltdown, example 283
ecological niche(s)
contemporary view 175
defined 160
ecological releaseseedensity compensation
ecological research, linking with bioprospecting
429–41
ecological stoichiometry 6, 335–7
ecological theory
and conservation recommendation 475–6
and large FDPs 104–12
ecology
conventional theories 157
and ecologists, roles for 483–4
should value approximate theories 157
economic development, means enhanced
research 435
ecosystem decay in closed forest fragments 308–21
“closed” forest fragments, clearest interpretation of
results 309
initial effects of habit fragmentation 308
use of “open” fragments in fragmentation
studies 309
animal populations rarely exhibit
hyperabundance 309
see alsoLago Guri, Venezuela
edge effects 112, 316, 477
and forest fragmentation 462, 464
“effective distance”, and dispersal limitation 17
endophytes 254
colonization and abundance in tropical leaves
258–9
do they activate host defenses 265–6
do they interact directly with pathogens 266
do they provide novel chemical defenses for hosts
265
may impart direct chemical defense 265
may protect hosts via mosaic effect 265
do they serve as entomopathogens 266
foliar 255
as mutualists 265
little support from evolutionary theory 265
as neutral inhabitants of hosts 264
selective colonization of particular hosts 264
as parasites 264
beneficial effects during wet seasons 264
effects on host-water relations 264
transmission in tropical forests 255–8
endophytic fungi 254–71
are endophytes a distinct group 262B
a cryptic role in tropical forest dynamics? 262B
distinct from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi
262B
distinctiveness relative to other fungi guilds
262B
latent-saprophyte hypothesis 262B
beyond alpha-diversity, host affinity and spatial
structure 262–3
challenge, infer ecological parameters for rare
taxa 263
chemical defenses of leaves may influence host
affinity 263
conclusions regarding spatial and host
specificity 262–3
prevalence of singleton species 262–3
designating functional taxonomic units 261B
BLAST searches often used to identify
endophytes 261B
morphospecies designation not sensitive to some
factors 261B
morphospecies grouping based on mycelial
characteristics 261B
species boundaries defined by reproductive
morphology 261B
endophytes, mutualists of insect herbivores
266–7
cuticular wounding important for infections
266–7, 267
may serve as attractants of folivores 266
role of insect-mediated transmission of
endophytes 267
some may benefit from folivory 267
sugar-rich exudates increase infection
success 267