Erica Schwarz CARSON:“carson_index” — 2008/5/27 — 14:41 — page 503 — #13Index503timing of reproductive effort 324
Mantel tests or partial Mantel tests 17
mesocosms
defined 286
fragments and islands as 286
natural terrestrial mesocosms 286
metacommunities
evolutionary–biogeographic units 145–6
tropical forest or coral reef scenario 152–3
metapopulation theory 477
forest fragments linked by habitat corridors 477
microsites
diversity of important in maintaining tree diversity
304
in tropical post-agricultural succession 377, 378,
380
Morista–Horn index 14
mosaic theory 386
mycorrhizal fungi 254, 295, 326
myrmecophyte–arthropod interactions 275
natural enemies 175
natural terrestrial mesocosms 286
negative density dependence (NDD) 4, 80, 99,
106–8
allows for species-specific differences 106
conspecific vs. heterospecific density 106
density-dependent seedling recuitment, BCI 108
evidence provided by FDPs phenomenological 108
implicitly spatially dependent 107
individual-based analysis 107
key difference from neutral theory 107
negative conspecific growth effects 107
Nei index
measure of diversity between two populations
14–15
more intuitive than Steinhaus index 15
neutral theory 4–5, 144–5, 157
explicit version for beta-diversity of tropical forests
19–20
appearance of new species 20
dispersal kernels 20
a failure of 161
a first approximation theory 157
of forest dynamics and tree diversity 122–3
influence of abiotic environment on floristic
turnover 25
key difference from NDD 107
logseries distribution applies to the
metacommunity 104, 105
mechanism of seed dispersal limitation
included 21
null model for communities 104–6
equalizing vs. stabilizing effects 106
FDP results confirm one of key predictions
106–8
key problem with Hubbell’s approach to testing
106
much controversy and criticism 106
predicts most rare endemic species will be
young 47
and species diversity 99
testing of 131–2
neutral theory, symmetric 143–59
density- and frequency dependence 149
Fisher’s logseries distribution, modified 149
hyperlogseries 149, 150
complexity of contemporary theory in ecology
143–4
confronting the theory 150–6
based on number of free parameters 150
BCI data, fit of lognormal slightly worse than
neutral theory 150
both versions fit static relative tree abundance
data 151 , 151
canonical hypothesis 152
challenging test, prediction of community
dynamics 143–4, 154
the drift hypothesis 156, 156
lognormal fails as dynamical model of
communities 152
metacommunity structure, contrasting
theoretical scenarios 152–3
niche-assembly hypothesis 156, 156
no canonical assumption in neutral
theory 152
conservatism and simplicity underlying eukaryotic
organisms 144
meta-analyses in ecology and evolutionary biology
serious underlying problems 144
triple-jeopardy handicap 144
next step, local communities and dispersal
limitation 147–9
composite parameterγ, fundamental number in
neutral theory 148
Fisher’s logseries and Preston’s lognormal
147–8, 149
start simply 145–7
density dependence 147
Fisher’sα, diversity parameter 146
Fisher’s logseries 146–7