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small droplet, termed the hylar droplet, is seen at the base of the spore, then the spore is “popped” from the sterigma into the ...

of clamp connections (Fig. 2.20) and the development of asci in the Ascomycota. In both cases the nuclear distribution is mainta ...

this applies mainly to the cooler regions of the world, because most tropical and subtropical trees have arbuscular-mycorrhizal ...

Fig. 2.23Puffballs (Lycoperdonspp.) in an immature white stage (a) and mature brown stage (b), about 3 cm dia- meter. These are ...

Fig. 2.26(a) A basidiocarp of Boletus scaber(10 cm diameter, mauve-brown in color), growing as a mycor- rhizal associate of birc ...

Fig. 2.29(a,b) Thin, leathery brackets of the polypore fungus Coriolus versicolor (about 5–7 cm diameter), which often occurs ab ...

Fig. 2.30Two examples of edible gilled fungi. (a) A typical cluster of basidiocarps of Pleurotus ostreatus, the “oyster fungus” ...

alternative means of genetic recombination, such as a “parasexual cycle” that has been described in (mitosporic) genera such as ...

foci of infection in the lungs. Mitosporic fungi such as Penicillium, Aspergillusand Fusariumspp. can also be major spoilage age ...

defensible, so long as we recognize that the fungus-like organisms are not true fungi. The main fungus-like organisms that can b ...

Fig. 2.34Characteristic features of Oomycota. (a) Stages in the infection cycle of Phytophthora infestans(potato blight). Strain ...

(Fig. 2.34d). The contents of the sporangium are extruded into this vesicle, where the zoospores differ- entiate and then are re ...

Myxomycota – the plasmodial slime moulds The plasmodial slime moulds are wall-less organisms that consist of a multinucleate net ...

many haploid spores that are wind-dispersed. These spores germinate to produce either amoeboid cells termed myxamoebaeor flagell ...

believed to fuse in pairs, and the resulting secondary zoospores infect root cortical cells, where they develop into large, seco ...

similar organisms such as Lignieraspp. They do not cause deformation of the roots, and even Plasmodiophora brassicae seems able ...

Chapter 3 Fungal structure and ultrastructure This chapter is divided into the following major sections: the structure of a fun ...

Fungal ultrastructure Transmission electron microscopy of thin sections of fungal hyphae has been one of the most important tool ...

tional equivalent of golgi bodies in fungi) further back in the apical compartment, and to be transported to the apex where they ...

through the septa into the hyphal compartments further back, providing a transport system for the movement of metabolites, inclu ...