Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture

123 Designs of building elements 14. 51 Nr. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ...

Vaults With the Nubian vault technique, used for centuries in Upper Egypt, vaults can be built without any formwork by using rec ...

Afghan and Persian domes In Afghanistan, a technique for building domes without formwork has been used for centuries. With this ...

Domes The Nubian dome technique has been known in Upper Egypt for thousands of years. In this technique, circumferential courses ...

Structurally optimised domes In order to avoid the disadvantages of Nubian dome technology, a new technique for making domes usi ...

128 Designs of building elements 14. 72 14. 73 ...

129 Designs of building elements 14. 74 14. 75 ...

less inclined so that the top layer has 20° less inclination and a partial corbelling effect can be seen. This, furthermore, has ...

Earthen storage wall in winter gardens gardens In order to enhance the thermal storage and the humidity balancing effect of a wi ...

Loam in bathrooms The assertion that a loam-finished bath- room is more hygienic than a tiled bath- room astonishes many. Both e ...

formaldehyde in the joint mixture prevents this, it should be mentioned that this chemi- cal is carcinogenic. Even the wall behi ...

Wall heating systems In cool and cold climates where heating systems are necessary, wall heating systems integrated into earth w ...

walls – like the Guatemalan house in 15. 2– can withstand earthquake shocks because of their ductility (flexibility). The qualit ...

136 Earthquake-resistant building Earthquakes are caused by the movements of tectonic plates or by volcanic activity. The world’ ...

able to withstand the shear forces pro- duced. Walls must be stable against bending and shear forces. Masonry work must have fu ...

enough so that they cannot break or be deformed under seismic loads. The second approach is to endow the structure with sufficie ...

A simple solution for stabilising rammed earth walls of lesser thicknesses is to use L, T, U, X, Y or Z shaped elements (15 .17) ...

Openings for doors and windows Wall apertures will destabilise a wall system. During earthquakes, diagonal cracks often occur, s ...

Bamboo-reinforced rammed earth walls A bamboo-reinforced panelled rammed earth wall technique was developed in 1978 as part of a ...

142 Earthquake-resistant building 15.27 to 15.29Earth- quake-resistant low- cost housing prototype with bamboo-reinforced rammed ...