498 Chapter 18
dairy cows and are designed to attack infec-
tions in the gastrointestinal tract of humans.
They are consumed orally and provide pas-
sive immunotherapy. Cows are immunized
against specifi c human pathogens during the
dry period, thereby effecting short - term
increases in specifi c antibodies. The process
starts from identifi cation of a specifi c patho-
gen, immunization of pregnant cows, and
collection of four days of postpartum milk,
followed by processing and formulation for
site - specifi c delivery. The following table
shows some biologic products containing
specifi c antibodies.
Advantages of the immunoglobulin bio-
logics include safety, ability to target specifi c
pathogens, and versatility of action against
viruses, fungi, parasites, bacteria, and tox-
ins. In addition, polyclonal antibodies con-
tained in the biologics bind multiple target
sites.Supplementation of probiotics with prebi-
otics can be create very effective functional
foods. For example, fructo - oligosaccharide
(FOS) and galacto - oligosaccharide (GOS)
are exclusively used by a few strains of
Bifi dobacterium bifi dum and Lactobacillus
acidophilus. Thus, a combination of FOS or
GOS along with these cultures is likely to
induce the proliferation of these cultures in
preference to other microfl ora in the gastro-
intestinal tract. For more information on
functional foods and probiotics, see other
publications (Chandan, 1997, 1999 ; Chandan
and Shah 2006, 2007 ).
Dairy Biologics
Bovine immunoglobulins are a new class of
oral therapeutics that are emerging dairy
ingredients and food supplements. They are
comprised of antibodies from colostrum of
Table 18.13. Specifi c strains of probiotics and their documented benefi ts.
Strain Benefi t reported in human trials
L. acidophilus NCFM Lactose digestion, reduces bacterial overgrowth in small
intestine
L. acidophilus(CUL60) + B. bifi dum (CUL20) Reduces fecal toxin of C. diffi cile
L. casei DN114 - 001 Enhances immune function
L. casei Shirota YIT9029 Enhances immune function, balances intestinal microbiota,
combats recurrence of superfi cial bladder cancer
L. helveticus R0052 + L. rhamnosus R0011 Controls diarrhea in children, eradicates Heliobacter pylori
infection
L. johnsonii La1/Lj1 Enhances immune function, eradicates Heliobacter pylori
infection
L. plantarum 299V Relieves irritable bowel syndrome, restores post surgical
gut nutrition
L. reuteri SD2112 Controlling diarrhea, improving immune function
L. reuteri RC14 + L. rhamnosus R0011 Controls diarrhea in children, eradicates Heliobacter pylori
infection
L. rhamnosus GG Prevents children ’ s infectious diarrhea and atopic
dermatitis, enhances immune function.
L. salivarius UCC118 Alleviates infl ammatory bowel disease
B. animalis DN173 - 010 Normalizes intestine transit time
B. infantis 35624 Alleviates irritable bowel syndrome
B. lactis BB - 12 Enhances immune function, alleviates diarrhea in children
B. lactis HN019 (DR10) Enhances immune function in the elderly
B. longum BB536 Alleviates allergy symptoms, balances microbial ecology
VSL #3 (blend of S. thermophilus, four
strains of lactobacillus and three strains
of bifi dobacterium)Alleviates infl ammatory bowel conditionsS. thermophilus (many strains) Aids in lactose digestion
Sachharomyces cerevisiae (boulardii) lyo Alleviates antibiotic - induced diarrhea and C. diffi cile
infectionsAdapted from Sanders (2007) , Chandan (1997)