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NITRATION AGENTS AND METHODS MORE RARELY USED 129 OTHER NITRATION REACTIONS BY SUBSTITUTION An alkyl group is sometimes replaced ...

130 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES (96) An aldehyde group can be replaced by a nitro group as shown by Salway [202] and ...

NITRATION AGENTS, AND METHODS MORE RARELY USED^131 INTRODUCING THE NITRO GROUP BY OXIDATION In addition to the nitration of phen ...

132 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES for the preparation of 2,3,4- and 2,4,5-trinitrotoluencs from 3,4- or 4.5-dinitro- o- ...

NITRATION AGENTS AND METHODS MORE RARELY USED 133 LITERATURE I. E. SIMON, Ann. 31, 269 (1839). P. ALEKSEYEV, Zh. Russ. Khim. Ob ...

134 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES H. B. HASS and E. RILEY, Chem. Revs. 32. 38 (1943). 38a. A. SCHAARSCHMIDT, Angew. Ch ...

NITRATION AGENTS AND METHODS MORE RARELY USED 135 N. I. DEMYANOV and A. D. IVANOVA, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 318 (1934). 79. H. WI ...

136 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES R. WOLFFENSTEIN and O. BÖTERS, Ger. Pat. 194883 (1906); Ber. 46, 586 (1913). BRODERS ...

NITRATION AGENTS AND METHODS MORE RARELY USED 137 I. TRIFONOV, Z. anorg. Chem. 124, 123, 136 (1922). G. KORTÜM and B. FINCKH, Z ...

138 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES H. BARBIER Bull. soc. chim. France 44, 860 (1928). 203a. E. NÖLTING and WILD, Ber. 1 ...

CHAPTER IV NITRATION WITH NITRATING MIXTURES NITRATING MIXTURES COMPOSITION OF NITRATING MIXTURES THE composition of a nitrating ...

140 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES with a mixture: HNO 3 32% H 2 SO 4 60% H 2 O 8% then for each 100 kg of mixed acids, ...

NITRATION WITH NITRATING MIXTURES 141 = 2.96, is incomplete, while with the B mixture, where D.V.S. = 3.5, results in complete n ...

142 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES When Φ (the quantity of sulphuric acid in the spent acid) is given, it is easy to cal ...

NITRATION WITH NITRATING MIXTURES 143 nitration of mononitro- to dinitro-toluene while the spent acid from the latter is used fo ...

144 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES TABLE 16 HEAT OF DILUTION OF NITRATING ACID Ratio H^2 SO^4 H^2 O HNO 3 Ratio acid Tot ...

NITRATION WITH NITRATING MIXTURES 145 be carried out at higher temperatures without any risk of exceeding the safety limit and d ...

146 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES In this diagram the heat of interaction between the anhydrous acids, H 2 SO 4 , and H ...

NITRATION WITH NITRATING MIXTURES 147 From diagrams it is possible to calculate the relative enthalpies of nitrating mixtures an ...

148 CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPLOSIVES FIG. 22. Specific heat of nitric acid, sulphuric acid, and water mixtures (McKinley a ...