PDR for Herbal Medicines

846/YOHIMBE BARK

Vogt HJ; Brandl P; Kockott G et al. Double-blind, placebo-

controlled safety and efficacy trial with yohimbine

hydrochloride in the treatment of nonorganic erectile

dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 1997 Sep;9(3): 155-61.

Further information in:

Kern W, List PH, Hdrhammer L (Hrsg.), Hagers Handbuch der

Pharmazeutischen Praxis. 4. Aufl., Bde. 1-8: Springer Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. 1969.

Lewin L, Gifte und Vergiftungen. 6. Aufl., Nachdruck, Haug

Verlag, Heidelberg 1992.

Madaus G. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,

Nachdruck. Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.

O'CarroN RE: Drysdale E: Cahill L et al. Stimulation of the

noradrenergic system enhances and blockade reduces memory

for emotional material in man. Psychol Med 1999

Sep:29(5): 1083-8.

Roth L, Daunderer M. Kormann K, Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

4. Aufl., Ecomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.

Southwick SM. Morgan CA 3rd, Charney DS, High JR.

Yohimbine use in a natural setting: effects on posttraumatic

stress disorder. VA CT Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service

116A. West Haven 06516, USA.

Steinegger E. Hansel R. Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer

Verlag Heidelberg 1992.

Teuscher E, Biogene Arzneimittel. 5. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.

Stuttgart 1997.

Wagner H, Wiesenauer M. Phytotherapie. Phytopharmaka und

pflanzliche Homoopathika, Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New

York, 1995.

Yucca filamentosa

See Adam's Needle

Zanthoxylum americanum

See Northern Prickly Ash

Zea mays

See Corn Silk

PDR FOR HERBAL MEDICINES

Zedoary

Curcuma zedoaria

TRADE NAMES

Turmeric Power, Turmeric Whole Rhizome, Turmeric Ex-

tract (available from numerous manufacturers and as a

combination product)

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Parts: The medicinal part is the dried tuberous

part of the rhizome, cut in transverse slices or in longitudinal

quarters.

Flower and Fruit: The inflorescences are on 5 to 15 cm long,

obtuse and silky involucre bracts. The spike-like inflores-

cences are 7.5 to 12.5 cm long and 5 to 7.5 cm wide. The

bracts bearing the flowers are ovate with revolute tips, pale

•green with a reddish border, densely punctuated with glands.

There are more or less stiff hairs on the surface, in particular

at the tip. The bracts at the tip of the inflorescence are 5 cm

long, initially white, then pink to crimson. The flowers are

pale yellow. The calyx is 8 mm long, obtuse and 3-tipped.

The tips of the corolla are broadly triangular and pale pink at

the extreme tips. The labellum is light yellow, fluorescent

yellow in the center with very slightly reddish tinged borders

at the lower part. The ovary is 4 to 5 mm long and very

weakly pubescent. The fruit is an ovate, thin, smooth and

irregularly opening capsule. The elliptical seeds have a white

aril.

Leaves, Stem and Root: Curcuma zedoaria is a perennial,

erect and leafy plant. The rhizome has a grayish outer

surface and is ovate to pear-shaped, thick and palmately

branched downwards. It is whitish-yellow, with numerous

thin roots, and it has a strong smell of camphor. The roots

are partially uhickened to ovate, white tubers. The leaves, in

groups of 4 and 6 on the rhizome, are up to 1 m long. The 20

to 60 cm long and 8 to 10 cm wide leaf blade is oblong-

ovate, glabrous, and has a purple mark in the middle of the

leaf.

Characteristics: The taste is bitter; The smell is like camphor

and is reminiscent of cardamom and ginger.

Habitat: The plant is indigenous to northeast India and is

also found in the Moluccas, the Philippines and New Guinea.

Production: Zedoary rhizome consists of the dried rhizome

of Curcuma zedoaria and its preparations. After the root

tubers have been harvested they are washed, cut and dried.

Other Names: Turmeric