(Continued)
Post-colonial
Post-instrumental
Humanistic
Internal policies
Discriminatory
Non-discriminatory
Stakeholder interests
Employee policies aimed at
Access to equal opportunities
Access to equal opportunities
duties rather than rights
and clear employee policies onresponsibilities and rights
Organizational
Employee alienation common
Emphasis on employee
Motivation through participation
climate and employee
Weak trade unions
motivation
important
commitment
Inter-ethnic friction
Weak or co-operative unions
Unions protect rights
Discourages diversity of opinions
Move towards inter-ethnic
Inter-ethnic harmony taken into
Promotion by ascription
harmony
consideration
Diverse opinions often
Everyone should be able to state
encouraged
their opinions
Promotion based
Promotion based on
on achievement
legitimization of status
Management
Educated management elite with
High, results oriented managerial
Management expertise based on
expertise
low managerial expertise
expertise is aimed for
people orientation
Management
Economic security
Managing uncertainty
Belonging
motivators
Control
Self-enhancement
Development of person and group
Autonomy
Independence
Achievement
Management
To business objectives
To self
To group
commitment
To relatives
To results
To people
To organization
To ethical principles
To work
(Continued)
TABLE 9.1