GTBL042-Calister-FM GTBL042-Callister-v3 October 12, 2007 12:19
Revise Pagesxx • Contents13.6 Clay Products 543
13.7 Refractories 543
13.8 Abrasives 545
13.9 Cements 546
13.10 Advanced Ceramics 547
13.11 Diamond and Graphite 550
TYPES OFPOLYMERS 552
13.12 Plastics 552
13.13 Elastomers 552
13.14 Fibers 557
13.15 Miscellaneous
Applications 557
13.16 Advanced Polymeric
Materials 559
Summary 563
Important Terms and Concepts 565
References 565
Questions and Problems 56614 Synthesis, Fabrication, and
Processing of Materials 568Learning Objectives 569
14.1 Introduction 569
FABRICATION OFMETALS 569
14.2 Forming Operations 569
14.3 Casting 571
14.4 Miscellaneous Techniques 573
THERMALPROCESSING OFMETALS 574
14.5 Annealing Processes 575
14.6 Heat Treatment of Steels 577
FABRICATION OFCERAMIC
MATERIALS 589
14.7 Fabrication and Processing
of Glasses and Glass–
Ceramics 589
14.8 Fabrication and Processing
of Clay Products 594
14.9 Powder Pressing 600
14.10 Tape Casting 602
SYNTHESIS ANDFABRICATION OF
POLYMERS 603
14.11 Polymerization 603
14.12 Polymer Additives 606
14.13 Forming Techniques for
Plastics 607
14.14 Fabrication of Elastomers 610
14.15 Fabrication of Fibers and
Films 610Summary 612
Important Terms and Concepts 613
References 614
Questions and Problems 61415 Composites 617Learning Objectives 618
15.1 Introduction 618
PARTICLE-REINFORCED
COMPOSITES 620
15.2 Large–Particle Composites 620
15.3 Dispersion-Strengthened
Composites 624
FIBER-REINFORCEDCOMPOSITES 625
15.4 Influence of Fiber Length 625
15.5 Influence of Fiber Orientation
and Concentration 626
15.6 The Fiber Phase 635
15.7 The Matrix Phase 637
15.8 Polymer-Matrix
Composites 637
15.9 Metal-Matrix Composites 644
15.10 Ceramic-Matrix
Composites 645
15.11 Carbon–Carbon
Composites 646
15.12 Hybrid Composites 647
15.13 Processing of Fiber-Reinforced
Composites 648
STRUCTURALCOMPOSITES 650
15.14 Laminar Composites 651
15.15 Sandwich Panels 651
Summary 654
Important Terms and Concepts 656
References 656
Questions and Problems 65616 Corrosion and Degradation
of Materials 660Learning Objectives 661
16.1 Introduction 661
CORROSION OFMETALS 661
16.2 Electrochemical
Considerations 662
16.3 Corrosion Rates 670
16.4 Prediction of Corrosion
Rates 671
16.5 Passivity 678