Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

3. MORPHOLOGY

daonaaoM maoM baD,a donõ: mẽ bara: bigger of the two
saba maoM }Ðcaa sab mẽ ũ:ca: the tallest

Sometimes, the phrase kI Apoxaa ki: apekša: ‘in comparison to’ is
substituted for sao se.

]maa kI Apoxaa laMbaI uma: ki: apekša: lambi: taller than Uma

Notice that words AiQak/j,yaada adhik/zya:da: ‘more’ and kma kam ‘less’
may be prefixed to adjectives for denoting comparison.

saaonao sao AiQak
camakIlaa

sone se adhik

camki:la:

brighter than gold

fUla sao j,yaada kaomala (^) phu:l se zya:da: komal more delicate than a
flower
baIsa sao kma bi:s se kam less than twenty

3.3.5. Derivation of Adjectives

A large number of adjectives are derived from nouns by adding the
suffixes -Aa -a:, -[- -i:, -]-u:, -[laa -i:la:, -laU -lu:, -[k -ik, -janak -janak, -
da[--da:i:, -maya -mai:, -vana -van, -Aanaa -a:na: , -naak -na:k, -[-na -i:n, -maMd -
mand, and -dar -da:r.

• Aa -a:
  Noun Adjective
  saca sac truth saccaa sacca: truthful
  JaUz jhu:th lie JaUza jhu:tha: liar
  BaUK bhu:kh hunger BaUKa bhu:kha: hungry


• [- -i:
  kImat ki:mat price kImatI ki:mti: expensive
  sauK sukh comfort sauKI sukhi: happy
  naok nek good naokI neki: goodness
  phaD, paha:r mountain phaDI paha:ri: mountainous


• }U -u:
  poT pet stomach poTU petu: voracious
  baaja,ar ba:za:r market baaja,a$ ba:za:ru: common