Modern Hindi Grammar - Indian Institute of Language Studies (IILS)

4. SYNTAX

3. yah maamalaa saaf hO.
   yeh ma:mla: sa:f h ́.
   this matter clear is
   This matter is clear. or It is clear.


4. ]sanao maohnat kI.
   usne mehnat ki:.
   he-erg hard work did
   He worked hard.


5. ]samaoM takt hO.
   usmẽ ta:kat h ́.
   he-obl-loc strength be
   (S)he is strong/healthy. or (S)he has strength.
   The third category employs a sequence of verbs like pZ, laonaa parh
   lena: ‘to read’, and ilaK donaa likh dena: ‘to write’.


6. ]sanao AKbaar pZ, ilayaa.
   usne axba:r parh liya:.
   he-erg newspaper read took-explicator-ms
   He read the newspaper.


7. maOMnao icaT\zI ilaK dI.
   m ́~ne citthi: likh di:.
   I-erg letter write gave-explicator-fs
   I wrote the letter.

The subject of a transitive verb in the past tense is in the oblique
case, followed by the case sign or the postposition nao ne.

8. laD,ko nao laoK ilaKa.
   larke ne lekh likha:.
   boy-erg essay-ms wrote-ms
   The boy wrote an essay.


9. laD,kI nao p~ ilaKa.
   larki: ne patr likha:.
   girl-erg letter-ms wrote-ms
   The girl wrote a letter.