Chemistry - A Molecular Science

Chapter 7 States of Matter and Changes in State

b) In what state of matter does the su

bstance exist under room conditions?

b) In what state of matter does the su

bstance exist under room conditions?

e) What process occurs at point A

when the temperature is decreased?

e) What transition in state occurs when the temperature at point A is

increased?

a) What are the normal boiling and melting points of the substance? d) What transition in state occurs when the pressure at point A is a) What are the normal boiling and melting points of the substance?

increased?

d)^

What process occurs at point A

when the pressure is reduced?

c) What is the vapor pressure of the substance at 300

oC?

c) What is the vapor pressure of the substance at 600

oC?

0.8 0.6 0.4

100 200 300 400 500 600

A

1.0 Pressure (atm)

Temperature ( C)

o

700

f) Which is more dense, the solid or the liquid?

51.

Consider the preceding phase diagram.

52.

Consider the following phase diagram.

45.

Indicate which of the following substances has the higher boiling point and the type of force that is most responsible for the difference: a)

CCl

or CF 4

(^4)
b)
CH
-CH 3
or CH 3
-NH 3
(^2)
c)
H
Se or Kr 2
d)
KF or HF
46.
Indicate which of the following molecules has the higher boiling point and the force that is most responsible for the difference: a)
NH
or PH 3
3
b)
C
H 2
OH or CH 5
OCH 3
(^3)
c) C
H 4
or C 8
H 10
20
d)
HCl or F
(^2)
47.
There are three different mo
lecules with the formula C
H 2
F 2
that differ in 2
the relative positions of the hydrogen and fluorine atoms around the two carbons. The different molecules are called isomers; they are not resonance structures because the positions of the
atoms are different. Draw the Lewis
structures of the three isomers of C
H 2
F 2
and indicate whether each is 2
polar.
48.
Indicate all of the forces that exis
t between molecules in the condensed
states of the following:
a)^
NCl
(^3)
b)
SO
(^3)
c)^
SO
(^2)
d)^
HBr
e)^
HOCl
49.
Indicate all of the forces that exis
t between molecules in the condensed
states of the following:
a)
CCl
(^4)
b)^
CH
O 2
c)
CO
(^2)
d)^
HF
e)^
H^3
C-OH
Use the following phase diagram to answer Exercises 50 and 51.
50.
Identify the states represented by the regions labeled X, Y, and Z.
1.0 0.8 0.6
100 200 300 400 500 600
A
1.2 Pressure (atm)
Temperature ( C)
o
0
Y
X
Z
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