450 index
al-Qardawi on, 356–358
as replacement for jizyah, 31
during Righty-Guided caliphate,
86–88, 108–109, 113
role in apostasy wars, 98–99, 416
in saving and investment, 72, 73
al-Shaibànìon, 205during Umayyad caliphate, 150
voluntary versus compulsory, 364
al-Zarìah fi Makàrìm al-Sharì"ah
(al-Ràghib al-A›fahànì), 238–244
ûimmis, 112
Zoroastrians, 226, 231, 307
Zumm Zumm, 3