Qiang Zhai, China and the Vietnam Wars, pp. 132–5; and Xiao-ming
Zhang, ‘The Vietnam War, 1964–1969: A Chinese Perspective’,
The Journal of Military History, vol. 60, 1996, pp. 756–9, for figures
on Chinese military assistance and casualties.
Qiang Zhai, ‘Opposing Negotiations: China and the Vietnam
Peace Talks, 1965–1968’, Pacific Historical Review, vol. 68, 1999,
pp. 21–49.
Qiang Zhai, China and the Vietnam Wars, p. 207.
Chen Jian, ‘China’s involvement in the Vietnam War’, p. 386.
Chen Jian, ‘Personal–Historical puzzles about China and the
Vietnam War’, in Westad, et al., eds, 77 Conversations, p. 28.
Chapter 9 Fresh beginnings
Quoted in Michael Vatikiotis, ‘Ties That Bind’, Far Eastern
Economic Review, 11 January 1996.
Martin Stuart-Fox, Vietnam in Laos: Hanoi’s Model for Kampuchea,
Keck Center for International Strategic Studies, Claremont,
Calif., 1987.
Andrew J. Nathan and Robert S. Ross, The Great Wall and the
Empty Fortress: China’s Search for Security, W. W. Norton and Co.,
New York, 1997, p. 103.
Robert S. Ross, The Indochina Tangle: China’s Vietnam Policy
1975–1979, Columbia University Press, New York, 1988, p. 209.
Geoff Wade, ‘Some Topoi in Southern Border historiography
during the Ming (and their modern relevance)’, in China and Her
Neighbours: Borders, Visions of the Other, Foreign Policy 10th to 19th
century, eds Sabine Dabringhaus and Roderich Ptak, Harrassowitz
Verlag, Wiesbaden, 1997, pp. 135–58.
Cf. David W. P. Elliot, ‘Vietnam: tradition under challenge’, in
Strategic Cultures in the Asia–Pacific Region, eds Ken Booth and
Russell Trood, Macmillan, London, 1999, pp. 111–45.
