World Military Leaders: A Biographical Dictionary

asking for his support; Oxford’s reply to Edward’s mes- senger was, “Go, tell your Duke, that I had rather be an Earl, and alway ...

 Paskevich, Ivan Fedorovich (count of Erivan, prince of Warsaw) (1782–1856) Russian field marshal Ivan Paskevich was born in ...

his last, and he was removed from command. He re- turned to Warsaw, where he died less than two years later on 13 February 1856. ...

replaced General Courtney Hodges as an army com- mander in the planned Normandy landings in northern France. Once the landings o ...

nian War, which sputtered on for two years without any major battles. In 168 b.c., Paullus was reelected consul, and the Roman S ...

of Stalingrad, but the German forces, weak and low on supplies, were in no condition to do so, and Paulus refused. Unable to res ...

cromWell. Unaware of Penn’s treachery, Cromwell gave him command of a fleet sent to the West Indies in 1655. Under Penn, this ex ...

commander of the frigate Java and was sent to northern Africa to the area known as the Barbary Coast, where pi- rates of the Bar ...

ate. He was then attached to the Department of War in Washington, D.C., and in September 1898 he was named chief of insular affa ...

World War, but he also had an affinity for his men. Part of his legacy concerns African-American troops, start- ing with his ser ...

Pétain later said that he headed the Régime de Vichy to try to protect the French people as much as possible from repressive mea ...

References: Bradbury, Jim, Philip Augustus: King of France, 1180–1223 (London: Longman, 1998); Baldwin, John W., The Government ...

b.c.), he managed to secure lenient terms from Philip of Macedon, now ruling most of Greece. Realizing the strength of Macedonia ...

Bath (CB), and promoted to brigadier general. In No- vember 1902, he was promoted to major general. After being transferred back ...

Ridge: “Plumer had now shown what he and his staff could arrange and his troops carry out; and he and Sir Hubert Gough were told ...

ing the third Mithraditic War. He defeated Mithradates’ armies in Asia Minor, conquering Syria and taking Je- rusalem. Returning ...

flank and comming neer to Pompeys Horsemen, they threw their Darts (as Casar had appointed them) full in their faces. The young ...

 Radetzky, Joseph Wenzel Anton Franz Karl, count Radetzky von Radetz (1766–1858) Austrian general Joseph Radetzky was born in ...

paid a huge indemnity to Austria.” Ironically, Radetzky’s victory at Novara gave birth to an even larger Italian in- dependence ...

forced the Russians to scuttle their ships in order to use the cannons against the allies, whom they met at the Alma River on th ...