Rupertinum, Museum Moderner Kunst,
O ̈sterreichische Fotogalerie (Austrian Photo-
Gallery), Salzburg
Founded in 1983, the Photo-Gallery is the only
museum in Austria dedicated to collecting contem-
porary Austrian photography and features approxi-
mately 15,000 prints. Although the collection includes
works from the early part of the century, including
Pictorialism and works by photographers Inge Mor-
ath, Ernst Haas, and Franz Hubmann, the majority
of the collecting is since the end of the Second World
War, including Austrian Aktionismus (Otto Mu ̈hl,
Hermann Nitsch, Rudolf Schwarzkogler, Gu ̈nter
Brus), and workgroups of Arnulf Rainer and the
generation that emerged in the 1980s, including
Valie Export to contemporary digital photography.
Three to four temporary exhibitions are mounted per
year. An extended photo-library is part of the mu-
seum’s library. A biannual competition has been
mounted since 1983, and a purchase prize, the Ruper-
tinum Fotopreis is offered.
http://www.fotonet.at/rupertinum
http://www.rupertinum.at
Belgium
Museum voor Fotografie, Antwerpen
In 1984, the Province of Antwerp purchased the
Huis Vlaanderen (Flanders Warehouse) for the pur-
pose of turning it into the Museum of Photography
that opened 1986. The major collections were formed
from an exhibition at the Sterdoxhof Museum tracing
the art and science of photography that was mounted
in 1965. Thus in dealing with the history of photogra-
phy, equal emphasis is placed on the images and
equipment in the museum’s permanent exhibition.
The museum features five galleries with approximately
1,200 square meters. An average of 18 temporary
exhibitions each year accompany the permanent instal-
lation. The museum also features a library of approxi-
mately 20,000 volumes focusing on Belgian and
international photography as well as photo magazines.
http://www.provant.be
Muse ́e de la Photographie de la Communaute ́
franc ̧aise a`Charleroi—Centre d’art contemporain,
Charleroi
In the heart of French-speaking Belgium, at Char-
leroi, a converted neo-gothic Carmelite nunnery
houses the Muse ́e de la Photographie. Although
the museum opened in 1987, the photo-collection
was founded in 1978 and contains over 80,000
images, more than 1 million negatives (most of
them black and white), and 2,500 cameras. Collec-
tions focus on documentary and social photographs
(Archives de Wallonie); and Belgian photographers,
with significant holdings of Le ́onard Misonne, Gus-
tave Marissiaux, Willy Kessels, Charles Leirens,
Julia Pirotte, Serge Vandercam, etc. 2,000 square
meters are devoted to the history of photography
and exhibitions by contemporary artists with 10 to
12 exhibitions are mounted each year. The museum
also features a discovery area; a library with more
than 6,000 books and around 100 magazines; a doc-
umentation center; a bookshop; and publishes its
own magazine,Photographie Ouverte(founded in
1978 with four issues per year).
http://www.musee.photo.infonie.beCroatia
Muzej suvremene umjetnosti (Museum of
Contemporary Art), Collection of Photography,
Film and Video, Zagreb
Founded in 1954, the Zagreb Museum of Contem-
porary Art integrates several galleries, collections,
and a library. The beginnings of the center date
back to 1973 when a department for new media
was established. The largest part of the museum’s
collection consists of post-1950 works by both Croa-
tian and foreign artists. The 1950s and 1960s are
represented by photojournalist Mladen Grcevic for
Magnum Photos, a large collection of reportage and
art photos by Milan Pavic and Ante and Zvonimir
Brkan, and structuralist films by Tomislav Gotovac
from the mid-1960s. Important modernist Croatian
photographs of the 1920s and 1930s are also fea-
tured, including works by Ivana (Koka) Tomljenovic
Meller, who studied at the Bauhaus Dessau.
http://www.mdc.hr/msuCzech Republic
Umeˇleckopr✓ myslove ́museum (Museum of
Decorative Arts, Department of Graphic Arts and
Photography), Prague
The museum was founded in 1900, the photo-
collection in 1902. The extended photo-collection
holds highlights of twentieth century Czech photo-
graphy, especially of the modernists of the 1910s to
the 1930s: ca. 60,000 prints and 30,000 negatives.
Main holdings are of leading international Czech
figures Josef Sudek (ca. 21,000 prints, 27,000 nega-
tives), Frantisek Drtikol (ca. 5,000 prints, 300
negatives) as well as Josef Koudelka, Jan Svoboda,
and photographers of Magnum agency. One gal-
lery of 240 square meters is devoted to one to two
exhibitions per year in the main building of theMUSEUMS: EUROPE