Notes to pages 182–198 303
- Lichtenberg 1997 , 151.
- Carlson 1965; Takahashi 1979; Schiffer 2003, 244.
- Chladni 1809 , v – vii. For Hooke ’ s earlier discovery of similar figures, see Gouk 1999, 219 – 221; Wardhaugh
2008, 106 – 110. - For an outstanding treatment of these and other aspects of Chladni ’ s works, see Jackson 2006 , 13 – 44; see
also Schwartz 2011 , 177 – 180. - Koertge 2008 , sec. on Chladni.
- The committee ’ s report is included in Savart 1819 , 114 – 188, at 115.
- Ø rsted 1998 , 180. In 1802, Ø rsted had noted that Chladni had discovered that “ the notes a flute sound far
higher in hydrogen gas than in oxygen gas ” (130). See also Christensen 2013, 207 – 213; for Ø rsted ’ s relation to
Ritter, see 108 – 112, 147 – 155, 242 – 244. - For Ritter as Romantic, see Wetzels 1990.
- Ø rsted 1998 , 183.
- Strickland 1998 , 457.
- Ritter 1806 , 3:115 – 116; Strickland 1998 , 458.
- Ritter 1806 , 2:124; Strickland 1998 , 458.
- Ø rsted 1998 , 183 – 184.
- For Ø rsted ’ s writings on music, see Christensen 2013, 214 – 220. Benjamin cited in Ritter 2010 , 4 – 5,
470 – 507, at 477, 479. - Rosen 1995 , 58 – 78, at 59; see also Ritter 2010 , 301 – 303, 330 – 331, 335, 444 – 447, 477 – 485.
- Ritter 1806 , 1:160, 2:232; Str ä ssle 2004 , 32 – 33; my translation.
- Christensen 1995 , 167; for Benjamin ’ s reading of this passage, see Str ä ssle 2004 and the brilliant commen-
tary of Erlmann 2010 , 185 – 202. - Cited in Rosen 1995 , 59.
- Ø rsted 2011 , 136 – 210, which describes many visits to the Parisian theaters and several encounters with Biot
(163, 184, 209). - Ø rsted 1998 , 185 – 191, at 191.
- Ibid. , 279.
- Ibid. , 274.
- Ibid. , 280.
- Ibid. , 420. See Christensen 2013, 336 – 349.
- Ø rsted 1998 , 417 – 418; see also Snelders 1990.
- Biot and Savart 1820 ; Hashimoto 1983.
13 Hearing the Field - Faraday 1991 , 1:53; for his love of music, see Williams 1971 , 10. A “ serpent ” here denotes a bass wind
instrument of curving shape, the ancestor of a tuba. - Hirshfeld 2006 , 4; on Davy, see Lawrence 1990.
- Amp è re 1936 , 2:562.
- Faraday 1821 ; for his misunderstanding, see Williams 1971 , 151 – 152.
- Faraday 1818. “ Singing flames ” continued to fascinate many savants; see Tyndall 1898 , 244 – 286; Jones 1945.
- Faraday 1991 , 1:221 – 223.
- Faraday 1821 , 196.
- Ibid. , 197.
- Faraday 1932 , 1:279 – 280. For a helpful survey of the history, see Williams 1971 , 169 – 183.