Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

findings determine subsequent diagnostic proce- dures, which often include COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCANor MAGNETIC RESONANCE IM ...

and related symptoms that contribute to cogni- tion, improving the person’s overall ability to engage in cognitive activities. R ...

there are no outward indications that a concus- sion has occurred. Because the potential for serious BRAIN damage exists even wi ...

cranial nerves The 12 paired nerves that origi- nate within the cranium (skull). The cranial nerves convey sensory signals and c ...

cranial nerves 247 THE CRANIAL NERVES Cranial Nerve Pair Type Functions I—olfactory nerve sensory (special) sense of smell II—op ...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) A rare degen- erative, and at present fatal, BRAINcondition that results from the distortion and ...

of neurologic function that leads to death within two years after symptoms appear. Risk Factors and Preventive Measures Because ...

D 250 deep brain stimulation A surgical procedure to treat tremors in disorders such as PARKINSON’S DIS- EASEand benign essentia ...

metabolic disruptions that are the hallmark of withdrawal from prolonged ALCOHOL INTOXICATION (delirium tremens). Other metaboli ...

easily remedied causes for the symptoms. Among such causes might be undiagnosed conditions such as HYPOTHYROIDISM, DIABETES, vit ...

E 253 electroencephalogram (EEG) A diagnostic pro- cedure that records the electrical activity of the BRAIN. The neurologist use ...

glue used to attach the electrodes to the scalp may be difficult to cleanse from the hair. See also APNEA; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATIO ...

G–H 255 Guillain-Barré syndrome A rare disorder in which the IMMUNE SYSTEM attacks the myelin sheaths of the PERIPHERAL NERVES, ...

Huntington’s disease An inherited, degenerative disorder of structures in the BRAINthat regulate movement, mood and personality, ...

MATIC BRAIN INJURY(TBI), meningitis, subarachnoid hemmorage, and brain tumors. Untreated or uncontrolled hydrocephaly places pre ...

L learning disorders Difficulties with cognitive functions such as analytical thinking, reading, writing, speech, listening, com ...

FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME(FAS); HEARING LOSS; MEM- ORY AND MEMORY IMPAIRMENT; SPEECH DISORDERS. lumbar puncture A diagnostic proced ...

M memory and memory impairment The abilities to recall past events and to anticipate future events are hallmarks of the human ex ...

The amygdala also appears to be where face recog- nition, in conjunction with emotional associations such as love or fear, takes ...

retrieve existing memories or to store new memo- ries, and may be temporary (such as following CONCUSSION) or permanent. Memory ...