Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

ment arteries. The cardiovascular surgeon may also use angioplasty to remedy occlusions in arteries other than those supplying t ...

and existing clots from getting larger, though can- not dissolve clots that already exist. Medications that dissolve existing cl ...

of excessive anticoagulation that require a doctor’s evaluation. When on anticoagulation therapy it is impor- tant to avoid OVER ...

Many people who are on anticoagulation ther- apy have underlying cardiovascular conditions that would benefit from lifestyle mod ...

damage to the HEART MUSCLE. Elevated apoB100 levels convey an increased risk for ATHEROSCLEROSIS and CAD. See also CARDIOVASCULA ...

they remain benign. Antiarrhythmia medications successfully treat the majority of symptomatic arrhythmias. These medications wor ...

IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR (ICD), which functions both to deliver pacing impulses and shocking impulses to convert ...

icant risk of uncontrolled bleeding because of the unstable nature of the AVM, and sometimes the risk of attempting treatment is ...

81 milligrams (mg) daily (one “baby” aspirin tablet) or 325mg milligrams every other day (one “regu- lar” aspirin). Some product ...

nostic path typically includes CARDIAC CATHERIZA- TIONor vascular catheterization, which allows the cardiologist to directly vis ...

the doctor detects during examination. An ELEC- TROCARDIOGRAM (ECG) confirms the diagnosis. ECHOCARDIOGRAMmay reveal the underly ...

B blood pressure The force BLOODexerts against the walls of the arteries as it travels through them, as a combination of resista ...

diabetes, which damages the blood vessels, par- ticularly the smaller arteries and the arterioles OBESITY, which increases body ...

traveling along the BUNDLE OFHISor one of the bundle branches, right or left, in the HEART. The bundle branches focus and intens ...

C capillary beds The meshlike network of arteri- oles and venules, the body’s tiniest BLOODvessels, where OXYGEN–CARBON DIOXIDE ...

See also AEROBIC CAPACITY; AEROBIC EXERCISE; AGING, CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES THAT OCCUR WITH; PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND CARDIOVASCULAR ...

the right atrium, initiates the second phase of the cardiac cycle. The AV node picks up, amplifies, and focuses the electrical i ...

quence of MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, cannot increase the force of its contractions, limiting cardiac out- put. Severe damage can res ...

that would challenge even someone in peak car- diovascular function. Neither extreme is healthy and can result in further health ...

condition as hypertrophic obstructive car- diomyopathy (HOCM) or idiopathic hyper- trophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS), both of wh ...