Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

wall) reduces the small intestine’s ability to absorb NUTRIENTSand fluid. People often refer to gastroen- teritis as “stomach fl ...

and sometimes have a longer course of illness than viral gastroenteritis. Treatment for radiation gastroenteritis focuses on die ...

most common complications after surgery are INFECTIONand difficulty swallowing. Risk Factors and Preventive Measures Doctors are ...

See also ESOPHAGEAL VARICES; HEMORRHAGE. gastroparesis Slowed function of the STOMACH that delays the travel of gastric contents ...

H heartburn See DYSPEPSIA. Helicobacter pylori The BACTERIAresponsible for much PEPTIC ULCER DISEASEand STOMACH CANCER. Research ...

The doctor can diagnose hemorrhoids via phys- ical examination of the anal area, including DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION (DRE) or a ...

percent of hepatitis cases in the United States and hepatitis B for nearly 30 percent. Other identified hepatitis viruses (HFV a ...

people who have chronic hepatitis. About 10 per- cent of people who develop chronic hepatitis sub- sequently develop LIVER CANCE ...

infants born to infected mothers people who received organ transplants before 1992 or blood transfusions before 1987 (before st ...

cell reproduction, for cells in the mucous mem- brane lining of the COLONand RECTUM. Having the GENE mutations for HNPCC increas ...

toxic megacolon develops heal completely and without residual complications. Hirschsprung’s disease often coexists with other co ...

I– K icterus See JAUNDICE. ileoanal reservoir An operation to connect the ILEUM, the final segment of the SMALL INTESTINE, direc ...

ileum extends from the JEJUNUMto the CECUM. The ileum absorbs fats and fat-soluble vitamins as well as other remaining NUTRIENTS ...

The symptoms typical with IBD also are com- mon with many gastrointestinal disorders. Deter- mining the diagnosis requires a car ...

when other risk factors exist. People who have Crohn’s disease are particularly susceptible to kid- ney stones (NEPHROLITHIASIS) ...

highly acidic foods) may help maintain overall gas- trointestinal health. High-fiber foods often worsen the symptoms of ulcerati ...

becomes continuous. Stools often are watery and bloody, and may contain large quantities of mucus. Though intussusception is mor ...

and presents the risk of ischemic colitis. Tegaserod also can cause severe diarrhea. Antidepressants Antidepressant medications ...

from high levels of BILIRUBINin the BLOOD. As well, the URINEmay be dark brown or tea-colored and the stools pale, indicating a ...

L laxatives Products to stimulate bowel move- ments. Laxatives work through various actions. Some help the stool to retain fluid ...