testicular torsion 347
immune system dysfunction 205,
210
immunoglobulin A (IgA) 210
immunosuppressive therapy 75,
150, 203–205, 208
infants 64, 77, 93, 245, 254, 306
infectious (viral) hepatitis 54
infertility 293–295, 293 t–295t
conception 264
ectopic pregnancy 272
endometriosis 276
genital trauma 287
gestational surrogacy 289
orchiectomy 308
POF 323
reproductive system 237
retrograde ejaculation 336
sexual health 339
STDs 340
tubal ligation 347
urethritis 222
varicocele 353
vasectomy 354–355
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
61–64, 62 t, 63 t
antidiarrheal medications 13
colitis 25
colostomy 31
ileoanal reservoir 60
nephrolithiasis 209
primary sclerosing cholangitis
84
inheritance patterns 43, 58, 59, 63,
152, 168
inhibin 100, 148, 151
insanity 376
insulin 148
diabetes 119
endocrine system 100
gastrointestinal system 3
glucagon 128
glucose 128
hypoglycemia 142
insulin resistance 149
islet cell transplantation 149
islets of Langerhans 149
pancreas 79
insulinlike growth factors (IGFs)
104
insulin resistance 148–149
diabetes 120
gestational diabetes 288
hypoglycemia 142
menopause 302
PCOS 320
polyglandular deficiency
syndrome 156
insulin therapy 120, 121, 149
intestinal adhesions 64
intestinal lippodystrophy. See
Whipple’s disease
intestinal mucosa
celiac disease 21
diverticular disease 35
gastroenteritis 48
gastrointestinal system 4
IBD 61
malabsorption 77
small bowel transplantation 89
small intestine 89
Whipple’s disease 94
intestinal polyp 64
adenoma 107
colonoscopy 26
colorectal cancer 28
FAP 43
FOBT 44
HNPCC 58
rectum 87
intracytoplasmic sperm injection
(ICSI) 246
intraductal papilloma 295
intrahepatic bile ducts. Seebile ducts
intravenous pyelogram (IVP) 198
intussusception 64–65
in vitro fertilization (IVF) 238, 246,
289
iodine 146, 166
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 13,
65–66
islet cell transplantation 103,
149–150
islets of Langerhans 149
diabetes 119
endocrine system 100, 101
GHRH 132
glucagon 128
glucose 128
hypoglycemia 142
insulin 148
insulin resistance 149
islet cell transplantation 149
MEN 151
pancreas 79
somatostatin 158
IVF. Seein vitro fertilization
IVP (intravenous pyelogram) 198J
jaundice 66–67,71, 73, 195
jejunum 4, 20, 36, 61, 67, 89K
Kegel exercises 87, 199,224, 278
kidney disease 108–109, 138
kidney donor 199–201
kidneys 201–202, 202 t
aging, urinary system changes
that occur with 175
cystinuria 183
cystitis 184
diabetes insipidus 122
eating disorders 374
glomerulonephritis 191
glomerulus 193
Goodpasture’s syndrome 193
hepatotoxins 57
nephropathy 209–210
renal failure 218
renin 158
Turner’s syndrome 348
uremia 221
urinary system 169, 170–172
vesicoureteral reflux 229
kidney stones 189, 196, 197, 208,
227
kidney transplantation 202–204
adrenal glands 108
Alport’s syndrome 177
ESRD 187
Fanconi’s syndrome 190
glomerulosclerosis 192
hemolytic uremic syndrome
195
hyperoxaluria 197
nephropathy 210
polycystic kidney disease 214
uremia 221
urinary system 174
Klinefelter’s syndrome 291, 294,
296L
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 345
lactation 139, 250
lactiferous glands 250, 253
laparoscopic surgery 14–15, 22, 47,
206
laxatives 32, 68–69, 68 t, 374
LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) 345
letdown reflex 152, 296
LH. Seeluteinizing hormone
libido 133, 245, 296–297,338, 345,
348
Librium (chlordiazepoxide) 359
lifestyle and health
aging, endocrine changes that
occur with 111Index 401