red blood cells (RBCs). See
erythrocyte
reflex 1:279
Achilles tendon 1: 297
concussion 1: 245
cough 1:18–19
gag reflex 1:25
goose bumps 1:160–161
pain 1:382
pruritus 1: 187
sciatica 1: 354
sneeze 1:54
reflexology 4:82, 93, 95–96
refraction test 1:111, 118
refractive errors 1:67, 99, 111, 111
refractive surgery 1:96, 101,
111–113
regional anesthesia 4:260, 261
Reiki 4:79, 82, 96, 96
Reiter’s syndrome 1:352
relaxation techniques 1:375, 377
relaxin 3:158
remission 2:390
renal cancer 3:108, 195, 206, 215,
215 t
renal corpuscle 3:169, 209
renal cortex 3:169, 201
renal cyst 3:216
renal dialysis 3:216–218; 4:166. See
alsohemodialysis
ESRD 3: 187
Fanconi’s syndrome 3: 190
glomerulonephritis 3: 191
glomerulosclerosis 3: 192
hemolytic uremic syndrome
3: 194
hepatorenal failure 3: 195
kidney transplantation 3: 203
nephropathy 3: 211
polycystic kidney disease
3: 214
uremia 3: 221
urinary system 3: 171
renal failure 1:368; 2:125, 138,
324; 3:218–219, 218 t, 219 t
adrenal glands 3:108–109
aging and urinary system
changes 3: 175
Alport’s syndrome 3: 177
anabolic steroids and steroid
precursors 4: 322
bioavailability 4: 153
dextromethorphan 4: 332
diabetes insipidus 3: 123
ESRD 3: 187
Goodpasture’s syndrome 3: 193
hemolytic uremic syndrome
3: 194
hydronephrosis 3: 196
hyperkalemia 3: 138
hyperoxaluria 3: 197
hypokalemia 3: 143
kidney transplantation 3: 202
Medicare coverage for
permanent renal failure 3: 205
nephritis 3: 207
nephrotoxins 3: 212
oliguria 3: 213
overdose 4:165–166
uremia 3: 221
urinary system 3:171–172
renal medulla 3:169, 201
renal pelvis 3:172–173, 196
renal tubular acidosis (RTA) 3: 209 ,
219–220
renal tubules 3:189, 209
renin 3:108, 111, 158,169, 171,
192, 201, 202
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
(RAA) system 3:99, 108, 111,
158, 171
repetitive motion injuries
1:352–353
bone spur 1:311
bursitis 1:312
carpal tunnel syndrome
1:315–316
ergonomics 4:23–24
fitness: exercise and health
4: 211
knee injuries 1: 330
occupational health and safety
4: 40
plantar fasciitis 1:349–350
rotator cuff impingement
syndrome 1:353
tendonitis 1:359–360
replication error 4:117, 122–124,
136 , 139
reproductive system 1:236–237;
2:346, 347; 3:233–356, 234 , 235
rescue breathing 4:369
cold water drowning 4: 368
CPR 4: 371
electrocution 4: 372
Heimlich maneuver 4: 373
ingested toxins 4: 384
inhaled toxins 4: 385
injected toxins 4: 385
motor vehicle accidents
4:378–379
shock 4: 367resistance exercise 1:310, 332, 344,
345; 4:229–230, 230 t
aging and physical ability/fitness
4: 214
conditioning 4: 218
cross training 4: 219
endurance 4: 220
metabolism 4: 226
physical activity
recommendations 4: 228
strength 4:232, 233
upper arm circumference
4: 307
walking for fitness 4: 235
respiration rate 2:194, 214, 227,
232; 4:48, 235
respiratory cycle 2:193, 212, 214,
227, 232
respiratory failure 2:227–228
alcohol 4: 317
ARDS 2: 181
COPD 2: 201
diphtheria 2: 322
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
2: 331
mechanical ventilation 2: 214
oxygen saturation 2: 216
pulmonary edema 2: 224
pulmonary fibrosis 2: 226
rescue breathing 4: 369
thoracotomy 2: 233
responder safety and personal
protection 4:358
restenosis 2:13, 45
resting metabolic rate (RMR)
4:193, 226
restless legs syndrome 1:279
reticulocyte 2: 119 , 165
retina 1:113, 113 t
albinism 1: 135
ARMD 1:70–71
electroretinography 1:87
eye 1: 89
flashes 1: 91
laser surgery 4: 265
lycopene 4:79, 80
optical coherence tomography
(OCT) 1: 105
retinitis pigmentosa 1: 114
retinopathy 1:114–115
scotoma 1:117
Tay-Sachs disease 4: 142
zeaxanthin 4: 107
retinal detachment 1:79, 91,
113–114, 124
retinitis pigmentosa 1:114Index 501