Atlas of Human Anatomy by Netter

b. Gives rise to superior laryngeal artery supplying larynx

Lingual

a. Passes deep to hypoglossal nerve, stylohyoid muscle, and posterior belly of digastric

b. Disappears beneath hyoglossus muscle and becomes deep lingual and sublingual arteries

Facial

a. Branches to tonsil, palate, and submandibular gland

b. Hooks around middle of mandible and enters face

Occipital

a. Passes deep to posterior belly of the digastric

b. Grooves base of skull

c. Supplies posterior scalp

Posterior auricular

a. Passes posteriorly between external acoustic meatus and mastoid process

b. Supplies muscles of region, parotid gland, facial nerve, auricle, and scalp

Maxillary

a. Larger of two terminal branches

b. Branches supply external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, dura mater and calvaria, mandible, gingivae and

teeth, temporal pterygoid, masseter, and buccinator muscles

Superficial temporal

a. Smaller terminal branch

b. Supplies temporal region of scalp

Carotid Branch Course and Structures Supplied

Superior thyroid Supplies thyroid gland, larynx, and infrahyoid muscles

Ascending pharyngeal Supplies pharyngeal region, middle ear, meninges, and prevertebral muscles

Lingual Passes deep to hyoglossus muscle to supply the tongue

Facial Courses over the mandible and supplies the face

Occipital Supplies SCM and anastomoses with costocervical trunk

Posterior auricular Supplies region posterior to ear

Maxillary Passes into infratemporal fossa (described later)

Superficial temporal Supplies face, temporalis muscle, and lateral scalp

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Subclavian artery

Branch of aortic arch on the left

From brachiocephalic trunk on the right

Enters neck between anterior and posterior scalene muscles

Supplies upper limbs, neck and brain

Divided for descriptive purposes into 3 parts, in relation to the anterior scalene muscle

First part

a. Medial to the anterior scalene

b. Has three branches

Second part

a. Posterior to the anterior scalene

b. Has one branch

Third part

a. Lateral to anterior scalene

b. Has one branch

Subclavian Branch Course

Part 1

Vertebral Ascends through C6-C1 transverse foramina and enters foramen magnum

Internal thoracic Descends parasternally to anastomose with superior epigastric artery

Thyrocervical trunk Gives rise to inferior thyroid, transverse cervical, and suprascapular arteries

Part 2

Costocervical trunk Gives rise to deep cervical and superior intercostal arteries

Part 3

Dorsal scapular Is inconstant; may also arise from transverse cervical artery

Venous drainage

Superficial veins

External jugular vein (EJV)

Drains most of scalp and side of face

Formed at angle of mandible by union of retromandibular vein with posterior auricular vein

Enters posterior triangle and pierces fascia of its roof

Descends to terminate in subclavian vein

Receives

a. Transverse cervical vein

b. Suprascapular vein

c. Anterior jugular vein

Anterior jugular vein