APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY 755
Carprofen (Rimadyl;Zenecarp in the UK)Novox (generic)
NSAID. Used fortreatment of pain andinflammation, particularlypain and inflammationassociated withosteoarthritis. Shown tobe safe and effective forperioperative use forsurgical pain either byinjection or po.Carprofen’s action may bevia cyclooxygenaseinhibition but is relativelyCOX-1 sparing. Othermechanisms also mayexplain its efficacy.
Most common adverseeffects in clinical patientshave been GI (vomiting,nausea, diarrhea). Otheradverse effects are morerare and includeidiosyncratichepatotoxicosis. If theyoccur, signs ofhepatotoxicosis appear2–3 weeks afterbeginning therapy.Perioperative use has notadversely affected renalfunction or bleedingtimes. Avoid use withother NSAIDs or withcorticosteroids.
Doses are based onmanufacturer’s field trialsand US registration data.Clinical trials conductedwith canine patients withosteoarthritis and surgicalpatients. There is notsufficient safetyinformation available torecommend carprofen foruse in cats. Injectablecarprofen administeredfor surgery may be given2 hours prior to theprocedure.
25, 75, 100 mgtablets (regular andchewable);50 mg/mL injectablesolution.
Dog: 4.4 mg/kg/day po,administered either oncea day or divided into2.2 mg/kg q12h;4.4 mg/kg/day SC,administered once daily or2.2 mg/kg q12h. Tocontrol postoperativepain, administer prior tosurgery.Cat: not recommended.
Cefadroxil (Cefa-Tabs,Cefa-Drops)Cefadroxil is afirst-generationcephalosporin antibioticwith broad-spectrumactivity.Cefadroxil has beenknown to cause vomitingafter oral administrationin dogs.Spectrum of cefadroxil issimilar to otherfirst-generationcephalosporins. Forsusceptibility test, usecephalothin as test drug.50 mg/mL oralsuspension; 50,100, 200, 1000 mgtablet. Availability ofsome oralformulations isquestionable.Dog: 22 mg/kg q12h, upto 30 mg/kg q12h po.Cat: 22 mg/kg q24h po.Cefazolin sodium(Ancef, Kefzol, andgeneric)Cefazolin is afirst-generationcephalosporin.For cefazolin, usecephalothin to testsusceptibility.Commonly usedfirst-generationcephalosporin asinjectable drug forprophylaxis for surgery aswell as for acute therapyfor serious infections.50 and100 mg/50 mL forinjection.20–35 mg/kg q8h IV, IM.For perisurgical use:22 mg/kg q2h duringsurgery.(continued)