Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

766 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY

Drug name (trade orother names)

Pharmacology andindications

Adverse effects andprecautions

Dosing information andcomments

Formulations

Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)

DES

See Diethylstilbestrol.

Desoxycorticosteronepivalate (Percorten-V,DOCP, or DOCApivalate)

Mineralocorticoid. Usedfor adrenocorticalinsufficiency(hypoadrenocorticism).No glucocorticoid activity.

Excessivemineralocorticoid effectswith high doses.

Initial dose based onstudies performed inclinical patients. Individualdoses may be based onmonitoring electrolytes inpatients. Actual intervalbetween doses may rangefrom 14–35 days.

25 mg/mL injection.

1.5–2.2 mg/kg every 25days IM.

Dexamethasone(dexamethasonesolution anddexamethasonesodium phosphate)(Azium, Decaject SP,Dexavet, andDexasone. Tabletsinclude Decadron andgeneric)

Corticosteroid.Dexamethasone hasapproximately 30

×

potency of cortisol.

Multiple antiinflammatoryeffects.

Corticosteroids producemultiple systemic sideeffects and adverse effectsfrom chronic therapy.

Doses based on severity ofunderlying disease.Dexamethasone is usedfor testinghyperadrenocorticism.Low-dose dexamethasonesuppression test: dog0.01 mg/kg IV, cat0.1 mg/kg IV, and collectsample at 0, 4, and 8hours. For high-dosedexamethasonesuppression test: dog0.1 mg/kg, cat 1.0 mg/kg.

Azium solution,2 mg/mL. Sodiumphosphate formsare 3.33 mg/mL0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1,1.5, 2, 4, 6 mgtablets.

Antiinflammatory:0.07–0.15 mg/kgq12–24h IV, IM po.Dexamethasone21-isonicotinate0.03–0.05 mg/kg IM.