Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY 817

TSH(thyroid-stimulatinghormone)

See Thyrotropin.

Tylosin (Tylocine, Tylan,Tylosin tartrate)

Macrolide antibiotic.Tylosin is not usedsystemically, but has beenadministered to treatchronic diarrhea in dogs.

May cause diarrhea insome animals. Do notadminister orally torodents or rabbits.

Tylosin is rarely used insmall animals. Powderedformulation (tylosintartrate) has beenadministered on food forcontrol of signs of colitisin dogs. Tablets areapproved in Canada fortreatment of colitis.

Available as solublepowder 3 g/tsp(tablets for dogs inCanada).

Dog and cat: 7–15 mg/kgq12–24h po.Dog (for colitis):10–20 mg/kg q8h withfood; if there is aresponse, increase theinterval to q12–24h.

Vancomycin (Vancocin,Vancoled)

Antibacterial drug.Mechanism of action is toinhibit cell wall and causebacterial cell lysis (viamechanism different fromthat of

β

-lactams).

Spectrum includesstaphylococci,streptococci, andenterococci (but notgram-negative bacteria).Used primarily fortreatment of resistantstaphylococci andenterococci.

Adverse effects have notbeen reported in animals.Administer IV; causessevere pain and tissueinjury if administered IMor SC. Do not administerrapidly; use slow infusion,if possible (e.g., over30 min). Adverse effects inpeople include renal injury(more common with olderproducts that containedimpurities) and histaminerelease.

Vancomycin use is notcommon in animals, but isvaluable for treatment ofenterococci orstaphylococci that areresistant to otherantibiotics. Doses arederived frompharmacokinetic studiesin dogs. Monitoring oftrough plasmaconcentrations isrecommended to ensureproper dose. Maintaintrough concentrationabove 5

μg/mL. Infusion

solution can be preparedin 0.9% saline or 5%dextrose, but notalkalinizing solutions.

Vials for injection(0.5 to 10 g).

Dog: 15 mg/kg q6–8h IVinfusion.Cat: 12–15 mg/kg q8h IVinfusion.

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