I-10 Index
n CBC (complete blood count), 149, 149t
CCK (cholecystokinin), 207, 207f, 207t
CCR (cardiocerebral resuscitation),
136, 136f
Cecum, 206, 206f
Celera Genomics, 416f
n Celiac disease, 209
Cell(s), 42–43
abnormal, and cell-mediated
immunity, 166
aging impact on, 348
alpha, 298, 298f
amacrine, 279, 279f
antigen-presenting, 163, 163f, 164,
164f–165f
antioxidant protection of, 23, 23f
ATP production in, 60–62, 60f–62f,
112, 112f
B. See B cell(s)
beta, 298, 298f, 299
blood
production of, 90, 90t, 142, 143,
143f, 145, 145f, 152, 153, 154,
158f, 159, 162, 163f (See also Red
blood cells; White blood cells)
types of, 142, 142f
bone, 2f, 88–89, 88f
cancer, 45f, 156, 348, 426–427, 426f,
426t, 427f (See also Cancer)
carbohydrate use by, 29
cone, 278–279, 278f, 278t, 279f, 280
in connective tissue, 70–71,
70f–71f, 70t
n cultured, 387, 387f
cytoskeleton of, 53, 53f
damaged, chemicals released by, 268
daughter, 357, 357t, 359f, 360, 362, 366
death of (apoptosis), 166, 167f,
335, 335f
defined, 2
defining characteristics of, 42
as defining feature of life, 2, 2f
delta, 298, 298f
dendritic, 157, 157f, 160, 163, 163f,
164, 164f–165f, 165t, 172
diploid, 354–355, 355f, 356, 357, 357t,
359f, 362, 363, 363f, 364, 374,
375, 386
in early human development,
330–331, 330f, 330t, 331f
effector, 162, 162f, 163, 164, 168, 170f
endocrine, 202, 202f, 286, 291,
292t, 298
endomembrane system of, 49, 50–51,
50f–51f
energy for activity of, 2, 27, 58, 58f
epithelial, 68–69, 68f, 69t, 124,
357, 434
eukaryotic. See Eukaryotic cells
exocrine, 202, 202f, 298
fat, 43f
foreign, antigens on surface of, 156
ganglion, 279, 279f
germ, 306, 357, 357t, 361, 362–367,
362f–369f, 386, 407
glial, 73, 73f, 240, 245, 246, 246f, 248,
251, 264, 331
gonadal, 348
Granstein, 79
hair, in ear, 272–273, 272f–273f, 274,
274f, 275, 275f
haploid, 355, 357, 357t, 362–363,
363f, 364–365, 364f–365f,
367, 375
homeostasis and, 80–81
horizontal, 279, 279f
Langerhans, 79
as level of biological organization,
4, 4f–5f
Leydig, 312f, 313, 313f
lipid use by, 30–31, 31f, 46–47, 46f
liver, 43f, 50, 51
mast, 157, 161, 161f, 165, 165f,
170, 170f
membranes of. See Plasma
membrane (cell membrane)
memory, 162, 162f, 164, 164f–165f,
166, 168
migration of, 53, 53f, 331, 335, 426f,
426t, 427, 427f
mitochondria in, 44f, 44t, 52, 52f
muscle, 43, 43f, 53, 72, 72f, 104, 104f,
107, 107f, 112, 112f
nerve, 25, 43f, 73
NK (natural killer), 166, 169, 429, 435
nucleus of. See Cell, nucleus of
organic compounds processing in,
27, 27f, 27t
origin of, 454–455, 454f, 455f
pancreas, 53f
parent, 354–355, 356f, 357, 358,
359f, 360, 360f, 362, 364,
364f–365f, 368
pH of, 24
plasma, 162, 164
prokaryotic, 42, 42f, 42t
reproduction of. See Cell
reproduction
rod, 278–279, 278f, 278t, 279f
Schwann, 246, 246f, 248
Sertoli, 312–313, 312f, 313f
sizes and shapes of, 42–43, 43f
in skin, 78–79, 78f
somatic, 354, 355f, 356, 357t, 361, 368
stem. See Stem cell(s)
stress markers on, 166
structure and function of, 42–43,
42f, 42t
surface-to-volume ratio of,
42–43, 42f
T. See T cell(s)
target, 286, 286t, 288–289, 289f,
290t, 292t
telomeres and, 348types of, 42, 42f, 42t
water content in, 22
Cell, nucleus of, 42, 42f, 42t
n cancer cell, 427
division during cell reproduction,
356f, 358, 359f, 362, 364–365,
364f–365f, 368f–369f
structure and function of, 44f, 44t,
48–49, 48f, 49f
Cell body of neurons, 240, 240f, 241f
n Cell count, 145
Cell cycle, 356–357, 356f
Cell differentiation, 330, 330t, 331f,
332f, 426t
Cell junctions, 74, 74f
Cell-mediated immunity, 163, 163f,
166–167, 166f, 167f
Cell membranes. See Plasma
membrane (cell membrane)
Cell phones, safety of, 259
Cell reproduction. See also Meiosis;
Mitosis
n in cancer, 372, 427
cycle of, 356–357, 356f
cytoplasm division (cytokinesis) in,
356, 356f, 360, 360f, 364–365,
364f–365f
overview of, 354–355
primordial origin of, 455
n radiation impact on, 361, 361f
Cell theory, 9t, 42
Cellular respiration, 60–62, 60f–62f,
112, 112f
Cellulose, 29, 29f, 208
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC), 57, 188
Central nervous system, 248, 248f, 250
n Centrifuge, 387, 387f
Centrioles, 44, 44f, 44t, 53, 358, 364
Centromere, 357, 358, 362
Centrosome, 359f, 364, 364f–365f
Cerebellum, 252, 252f, 256f, 257
Cerebral cortex, 254–255, 254f, 255f,
256, 257, 257f, 268f, 270, 451
Cerebral hemispheres, 252, 252f, 254
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 186, 187f,
252–253, 253f
Cerebrum
sensory systems interaction with,
268, 268f, 270, 279
structure and function of, 252, 252f,
254–255, 254f, 255f
n Cervical cancer, 322, 325, 425, 427f,
432t, 436f
Cervical cap, 316, 316t
Cervical nerves, 249f
Cervical vertebrae, 93, 93f
Cervix, 306, 306f, 307f, 309, 314,
315, 315f, 342, 342f. See also
Cervical cancer
Cesarean section, 343
CF. See Cystic fibrosisCopyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).