512 i Index
herbals, Middle Ages, Early (500 AD– 1000
A D), 251– 270
Anglo- Norman, 12th c., 261, 266f– 267f
Anglo- Saxon, 11th c., 261, 265f
Anglo- Saxon, oldest, 261
Apuleian manuscript, 5th c., 261, 264f, 266
Carmina Burana Codex, 13 th c., 264, 268f
Codex Neopolitanus, 9 th c., 261, 262f
Dioscorides, Syrian herbal, 10th c., 261, 263f
Dioskurides Lombardus, 10 th c., 261
German, 13th c., 264, 268f– 269f
Greek, early, 252– 253, 283nn1– 2
Juliana Anicia Codex, 253– 261, 255f– 260f
(see also Juliana Anicia Codex)
knock- offs and spin- offs of, 5th– 13th c.,
261– 270, 262f– 270f
naturalism in, 286
poisons in, 252, 283n2
Herbarum Vivae Icons, 311– 315, 314f
herb collecting. See also specific types
superstitions and rituals for, 376n37
Herbolario Vulgare, 309, 310f
hermaphrodism, 201– 207, 205f– 207f
in snails, 332, 336
Hermaphrodite, 203– 207, 205f– 207f
hermaphroditic flowers, testing sexual theory
in, 362– 363
hermaphroditic plants, 343, 348n58
Camerarius on, 346n62
Herodotus, on fruit production in date palms,
223– 224
Hertwig, Oscar, 473
He siod ’s Theogony, 183– 185, 185f, 186f
heteropaternal superfecundation, 418, 428n28
heterospory, 483
Hofmeister on, 482– 484, 482f, 483f
heterostyly, 429n47
Hibiscus, Koelreuter on, 415
Hippocrates, “four humors” of, 213– 214,
213 f, 227n11
Hippocratic School, sex ranking in, 6
Hippolytus, 190
Historia Insectorum Generalis
(Swammerdam), 332
Historia Natura (Pliny), 241– 243
Historia Plantarum (Ray), 333, 336– 337, 341,
366, 370
Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus), 220– 223,
252, 283n1, 309
Hofmeister, Wilhelm, 473, 477– 488
alternation of generations theory of,
346– 347n30, 479– 482 , 481f, 495n10
biography of, early, 479
central insight of, 478– 479
Comparative Investigations on the
Germination, Development and Fruit
Formation of the Higher Cryptogams
and Seed- formation in Conifers,
478, 480
cryptogram and seed plant life cycle
unification by, 477– 478, 484– 488,
485 f– 487f
on heterospory, 482– 484, 482f, 483f
Holbach, Baron d’, The System of Nature,
432– 435, 458n9
Holocene, 64n6
Holy Family with Three Hares (D ü rer), 312f, 313
homosporous, 483
Hooke, Robert, 323
Horae (the hours), 193
Horns of Consecration, 140, 140f, 175n10
hortus conclusus, 280– 281, 282, 285n33, 293
human– plant analogy. See also figurines; god-
desses; gods; iconography, plant- female,
Neolithic Europe
in 18th c., 380– 384
Shakespeare on, 382
hunter- gatherers, first sedentary, Natufian,
31– 33, 31t, 64– 65n8
Hyacinthus, 196, 197
Hyakinthos, 195
hybridization
Aristotle on, 218– 219
first artificial hybrid in, 360– 362, 376n29
of Nicotiana, by Koelreuter, 416, 417f
hybridizers, early, 359– 363
Bradley, Richard, 362– 363
Fairchild, Thomas, 360– 362, 376n29
Mather, Cotton, 359– 360, 376n24
Miller, Philip, 363
hybridizers, later
Gaertner, Friedrich von, 464– 465
Wiegmann, A. F., 463– 465
hybrid progeny, 491– 492
hybrid vigor, Koelreuter’s experiments on,
420, 428n30
Hydra, 382, 402n10
“Hymn to Demeter,” 187– 188