Exercise for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment From Molecular to Clinical, Part 1

58 In addition, careful attention to selection of anesthesia and excision before performing the experiment are essential to the ...

59 prolonged stress can significantly affect animal condition and can affect the experimental variables. Furthermore, a signific ...

60 previous review [ 11 ]). While treadmill running and swimming are involuntary types of exercise, wheel running is a voluntary ...

61 research goal, and can be designed with reproducible parameters such as distances and speed. But oftentimes the experimental ...

62 3.2.3 Wheel Running In contrast to treadmill and swimming, wheel running is voluntary exercise. Voluntary wheel running is us ...

63 physiology and diseases [ 10 ]. Pre-clinical trial of cardiovascular pharmacology can possibly be investigated using these sm ...

64 induced by exercise, and can serve as protection against pathological cardiac remodeling in mice. miR-222 expression were res ...

65 though other large species of animals such as canine, pigs, and sheep are more similar to the human heart, the cost for manag ...

66 In dynamic exercise training, heart rate ranged from 62 ± 4 (beats per minute, minimum) to 254 ± 9 (beats per minute, maximum ...

67 from ischemic mitral regurgitation during an extended follow-up period but does not significantly influence left ventricular ...

68 References Wang Y, Wisloff U, Kemi OJ (2010) Animal models in the study of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Physiol Res ...

69 Haram PM, Kemi OJ, Lee SJ et al (2009) Aerobic interval training vs. continuous moderate exercise in the metabolic syndrome ...

70 Mole PA (1978) Increased contractile potential of papillary muscles from exercise-trained rat hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Cir ...

71 Gaustad SE, Rolim N, Wisloff U (2010) A valid and reproducible protocol for testing maximal oxygen uptake in rabbits. Eur J  ...

Part III Cardiac Cells Adaptations in Exercise ...

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 75 J. Xiao (ed.), Exercise for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment, Advanc ...

76 In spite of decades of research work on effects of physical exercise training on the cardiac tissue, no actual consensus has ...

77 1.1.2 Cardiomyocytes Structures Content Changes Induced by Chronic Exercise Before the enzymatic dissociation technique was r ...

78 Some 35 years later, using a specific scoring technique, Nie and colleagues [ 12 ] compared the “injury score” of mitochondri ...

79 Nevertheless results related to the increase of cardiomyocytes length is contro- versial as these authors observed no differe ...