The Structure of Evolutionary Theory

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 647 "populations" of component species in tens, or at most hundre ...

648 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY Overcoming these classical arguments, in practice for interdemic selection, but in prin ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 649 cannot be dismissed as an odd anomaly in a tiny corner of nat ...

650 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY speciation rather than varying propensities for extinction, and since most organismal a ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 651 ability to operate discretely as a unit of selection) lies in ...

652 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY trends within a clade. Change must therefore be concentrated in events of branching spe ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 653 fitness different from life in another kind of deme, then sel ...

654 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY prefer an elaborate and indirect definition—in terms of effects on something else at a ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 655 champion" (commentary in Wilson and Sober, 1994, p. 617). Suc ...

656 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY differentially, based on interaction of their phenotypes with the environment). If we d ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 657 development of a rigorous theory of hierarchical selection. I ...

658 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY simple way, with the size of an organism's personal territory during its lifetime. The ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 659 Vrba, and (I think) all other major workers in this area, hav ...

660 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY species be emergent and irreducible to the fitnesses of component organisms. For cases ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 661 do—so the character belongs to the species. However, the char ...

662 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY ' This premise defines the theoretical salience of the debate about species selection—f ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 663 of the lineage in question—information only rarely available ...

664 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY not with the reductionistic hope that no residuals will appear, and that the lowest lev ...

Species as Individuals in the Hierarchical Theory of Selection 665 all organisms develop the same state of the character, withou ...

666 THE STRUCTURE OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY selection, based on fierce competition, to this optimal organismic state. The gills wor ...