240 Index
Blacknose Shark (Carcharhinus acronotus), 49,
56, 76
Blacktip Reef Shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus),
10, 73 , 223; coloration, 56, 64, 72, 225;
diseased, 181; eyes, 64; feeding, 155, 156;
groups, 69, 71; habitats, 12; home range,
76–77; identifying individuals, 72–73; seeing
in captivity, 167; tracking movements, 225;
victims of attacks, 103–4
Blacktip Shark (Carcharhinus limbatus), 69, 104,
128, 174
Blind Shark (Brachaelurus waddi), 47–48
blood, attraction to, 33–34
Blue Shark (Prionace glaucus), 10, 39 ; abun-
dance, 97; activity, 150; ampullae of Loren-
zini, 39; association with humans, 78; attacks,
174; coloration, 53, 59, 64; declining num-
bers, 188; eyes, 64; feeding, 136, 150, 151;
fishing, 188, 194; growth rate, 133; mating/
reproduction, 112, 114, 115 , 117, 119, 122,
124; medicines made from, 160; migration,
85; movies, 210; parasites, 108, 109; as prey,
102, 103; safety of eating, 182–83; schooling,
70; sex segregation, 70, 128; size, maturity,
and longevity, 130; teeth, 32, 114; tracking
movements, 226
Blue Skate (Dipturus batis), 117, 123, 130, 188
Bluespotted Ribbon Ray (Taeniura lymma), 59
Bluespotted Stingray (Dasyatis kuhlii), 38, 59
Bluntnose Sixgill Shark (Hexanchus griseus), 120,
125, 166
boat injuries, 199
body shape, 7–8, 13
body temperature, 23, 24
Bonnethead Shark (Sphyrna tiburo), 223; feed-
ing, 28, 137, 152; fighting, 73; fishing, 194;
habitat, 84; head, 48; reproduction, 125, 127;
seeing in captivity, 167, 168 ; sex segregation,
128; teeth, 28; territoriality, 76; vision, 49
books, 213, 217, 219–20
brain, 51; olfactory bulbs, 33, 51, 108, 140; op-
tic lobe, 36, 51, 140; size, 51–52, 79–80, 156
Bramble Shark (Echinorhinus brucus), 4, 10, 42,
94, 106
Brazilian Guitarfish (Rhinobatos horkelli), 186
breathing, 1, 3, 41, 42–43
Broadnose Chimaera (Harriotta raleighana), 97
Broadnose Sevengill Shark (Notorynchus cepedia-
nus), 101, 101 , 120, 121, 124, 135, 154–55,
155
Brownbanded Bamboo Shark (Chiloscyllium
punctatum), 47, 61, 101
Brown Catshark (Apristurus brunneus), 119
Brown Smoothhound Shark (Mustelus henleyi),
121
bullhead sharks, 4, 28, 58, 64, 65
Bull Shark (Carcharhinus taurus), 29 , 84, 223;
attacks, 76, 91, 172–73, 174; bite force, 153;
droughts, 100; enemies, 101; feeding, 100,
137, 153; fighting, 73; fishing, 92–93, 186,
194; freshwater habitats, 91–93, 92 ; learning,
80; media depictions, 213; safety of eating,
183; size, maturity, and longevity, 130; sleep,
41; teeth, 29, 30; tracking movements, 226;
vision, 37
buoyancy, 7, 43–45, 46
butterfly rays, 4, 10, 16, 146
bycatch, 180, 188–89, 193, 194, 195–96
cage dive operations, 74, 165–67
Caira, Janine, 108
cannibalism, 101, 137; intrauterine, 31–32,
116, 122
Cape Elephantfish (Callorhinchus capensis), 130
Capuzzo, Michael, 171–72
Carcharhiniformes, 4, 10, 227–28
Carcharocles angustidens, 19
Caribbean Reef Shark (Carcharhinus perezi), 41,
78, 166
Carpenter’s Chimaera (Chimaera lignaria), 17
carpet sharks, 4, 8, 10; birth, 115; coloration,
54, 58, 65, 66; feeding, 147; geographic
distribution, 96
cartilage, 2, 3, 32; in head of hammerheads, 48;
medicines, 107, 160, 161
catching prey, 142–50; ambushers, 145–47;
chasers, 142–45; filter feeders, 148–50; suc-
tion feeders, 12, 27, 59, 147–48, 171. See also
foods and feeding
catsharks, 4, 223; behavior, 72, 106; coloration,
54, 58, 61, 64, 66; deep water, 94, 95; geo-
graphic diversity, 96; mating/reproduction,
114, 119, 123, 125; scyliorhinid, 54, 58, 94,
96, 114, 115, 119, 123, 124; sex segregation,
68, 128; teeth, 114
Chain Catshark (Scyliorhinus retifer), 114
chasing prey, 142–45
chemical pollutants, 182–84, 192
chemical sensitivity, 33–34; food rejection,
141–42; to pheromones, 34; repellants, 179
chimaeras (Chimaeriformes), 1, 2; age de-
termination, 145; classification, 3, 7, 229;
coloration, 60; defenses, 106; enemies, 102;
eyes, 37, 64; feeding, 29, 138; fishing, 186;
geographic diversity, 96–97; habitats, 12, 13;
maturity and longevity, 130, 131; migration,
88; naming, 7; popular culture, 215; repro-
duction, 5, 88, 118, 120; size, 7, 17; species,
10; swimming, 6–7, 46; teeth, 6, 13, 29, 138;
vision, 38
chondrichthyans (Chondrichythyes), 1–10, 13,
227–29
chondroitin sulfate, 160
chromatophores, 62
chumming, 34, 166–67, 176
circulatory system, 24
Cladoselache, 13
claspers, 2, 5, 13, 112–15, 126, 129, 211, 216http://www.ebook3000.com