- A NATURAL HISTORY PANOPTICON273
- Ibid., xvi.
- Ibid., xv–xxxii.
- Ibid., xvii.
- G. Savi and G. Andres 1840, Istituzioni Botaniche (Loreto: Tipografia Rossi), x–xii.
- Ibid., xiv–xxiv.
- P. Dioscoridis AD 50–70, De Materia Medica (Lugdunum: Apud Balthazarem
Arnolletum). - Pseudo-Apuleius, fourth century ce, Herbarium of Pseudo Apuleius (Ox ford: Bod le-
ian Library), Ashmole 1431 (7523). - H. J. de Vriend, ed. 1984, The Old English Herbarium and Medicina de Quadrupedibus
(London: Oxford University Press). - O. Brunfels 1532–1536, Herbarum Vivae Eicones (Strasburg: Argentorati, Apud Joannem
Schottum); L. Fuchs 1547, De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes (Leipzig: Kurt
Wol ff ). - P. Findlen 1994, Possessing Nature: Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early
Modern Italy (Berkeley: University of California Press), 166. - T. Tomasi 2013, “Gherardo Cibo: un percorso tra arte e scienza,” in Gherardo Cibo: Dil-
ettante di Botanica e Pittore di Paesi (Ancona: Il Lavoro). - Aldrovandi, quoted in C. Swan 2005, Art, Science and Witchcraft (Ca mbridge: Ca m-
bridge University Press), 41. - Ibid.
- Kusukawa 2010:312.
- For Foucault’s analysis of the spatializations in hospitals, see M. Foucault 1963, The
Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (London: Routledge, 1973,
2003); for prisons, see Foucault 1975b; for the asylum, see M. Foucault 1961, History of
Madness (London: Routledge, 2006, 2009). A famous interview from 1976 titled
“Questions of Geography” is also considered to be one of his most important texts on
spatialization in general. M. Foucault 1976b, “Questions of Geography,” in C. Gordon,
ed., Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972–1977 (Brighton:
Harvester, 1980), 63–77. - Ibid.
- Foucault 1975b:147–149.
- Foucault 1966:139–143.
- Foucault 1975b:148–149.
- Ibid., 200.
- Ibid., 195–228, and M. Foucault 1972, “The Eye of Power,” in Power/Knowledge: Selected
Interviews and Other Writings, 1972–1977 (Brighton: Harvester), 146–147. - Foucault 1975b:201.
- Ibid., 143.
- Findlen 1994:223. It was in this epistemological context that light emerged as the prepon-
derant, signifying, epistemic source of the classical age—full lighting facilitated the
all-seeing ambition of the eye of the observer, aiding the production of knowledge
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