Biological Oceanography

of anthropogenic carbon from “natural”, leading to the conclusion that the physical transfer of CO 2 in the ...

analyses of datable ice cores from Antarctica (Fig. 16.10) and Greenland, the atmospheric CO 2 lev ...

It is established that glacial–interglacial cycles are driven in the first instance by oscillations in sola ...

winter’s snow until fall to melting all of it plus some of the previous accumulations before fall. Mo ...

(^) The resulting overall range of summer isolation at 65°N is from approximately 410 to 500 watts m−2, ...

41 kyr obliquity cycle. An interval of transition followed from 1.1 to 0.676 Mya; then came a series ...

(^) The orbital control of global ice volume (y) is generally demonstrated by the fit of a model based on orbita ...

δ^18 O “stack” (Fig. 16.11). Onset times of glacial terminations are TI, TII, etc. (After Lourens et al. 2010.) ...

of deep water in the North Atlantic. As it becomes ice covered far to the south, the Gulf Stream does not ...

and sequestration during ice-sheet growth. The primary candidate was enhanced dust delivery to the oceans. It was ...

rescaling as iron supply rates (gray lines and right-hand scales) between the EPICA Dome C ice core and a ...

years. The warming phases correspond to Heinrich events, which are depositions of iceberg-rafted rock debris in N ...

(HNLC areas), particularly growth of larger phytoplankton (>8 μm), is limited by iron availability. Iron, ...

require continued iron additions forever. The project seemed so unpromising that the environmentalist furor ...

yr−1 of fossil-fuel carbon now passing through the atmosphere. (^) Third, a remarkable natural iron-ex study initiate ...

we act significantly and soon to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. Since temperature affects every chemical and ...

(^) It has been argued (e.g. Mackas & Beaugrand 2010) that mesozooplankton abundance and species com ...

Atlantic CPR survey pulled a Hardy plankton recorder (Fig. 16.16) from commercial vessels on standard ...

CPR Results: the Changing Northeast Atlantic (^) Early reports from the CPR study were vague, mostly couched ...

of C. finmarchicus (northern affinities) and Calanus helgolandicus (southern) followed those changes ...