parapodia that move water along the tube from incurrent to excurrent openings. An anterior parapodium produces
a mucous net (much like that in salps) which is progressively consumed (Fig. 14.12h).
Surface deposit feeders
SMJ – Motile, jawed – Lumbrinereidae – Lumbrinereis spp. These have jaws on an eversible proboscis. They
move through the very surface of sediment, opening the path by thrusts of the partially everted probocis, and
poking out intermittently. Some ingest sediment; some are carnivores, herbivores, etc. (Fig. 14.12i).
SMT – Flabelligeridae – Flabella spp. These move near the sediment surface, collecting particulate food from
the interface with large palps (Fig. 14.12j).
SMX – Capitellidae – Capitella spp. A group of simple, earthworm-like species that move through the very
surface of the sediment, ingesting it whole.
SDJ – Nereidae, Onuphidae (for both, see above).
SDT – Spionidae – Pygospio spp. These form a tube from sediment particles. The worm projects above the
sediment surface and the tentacles sweep the surrounding area. Particles of interest are transported along the
palps and eaten (Fig. 14.12k).
SDX – Some Arenicolidae (see above).
SST – Ampharetidae – much like Spionids, but less motile (Fig. 14.12l ).
Burrowing deposit feeders
BMJ – Many mobile, digging carnivores also ingest sediment whole (Nereidae, Nephtydidae, Lumbrinaridae).
BMT – Spionidae have an example.
BMX – Many families, e.g. Pectinaridae (Pectinaria spp.). There are many modes for burrowing, for selecting
sediment, for ingestion. Some sorts of tentacle are common, but “T” is used for long tentacles and burrowers
usually have short tentacles (Fig. 14.12m).
BSX – This seems a contradiction in terms, and Fauchald and Jumars discuss that. The Maldanidae are
tubiculous, eating sediment at the ends of the tube system. They are mobile within the tube, and the tubes grow
through the sediment. Sediment is exchanged at the ends of the tube by repeated cave-ins (Fig. 14.12n).Fig. 14.12 Sketches of the anterior (feeding) ends of polychaete families from
different guilds as defined (see Table 14.1) by Fauchald and Jumars (1979). (a) HMJ,
Nereidae; (b) HDJ, Onuphidae; (c) CMJ, Syllidae; (d) CMX, Amphinomidae; (e)
CDJ, Glyceridae; (f) FDT, Sabellidae; (g) FDP, Arenicolidae; (h) FSP, Chaetopteridae;
(i) SMJ; Lumbrineridae; (j) SMT, Flabelligeridae; (k) SDT, Spionidae; (l) SST,
Ampharetidae; (m) BMX, Pectinaridae; (n) BSX, Maldanidae.
(After Fauchald & Jumars 1979.)