Devita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer

LWBK1006-03 LWW-Govindan-Review November 24, 2011 11:19

34 DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s CANCER: Principles and Practice of Oncology Review

Question 3.4. Mechanisms of tumor induction by carcinogens in tobacco products

include the following, EXCEPT:

A. Bonds formed between carcinogens and DNA, resulting in DNA

adducts.

B. Nicotine and nitrosamines bind to cellular receptors, resulting in acti-

vation of the pathways that enhance growth and suppress apoptosis.

C. Enzymatic methylation of gene promoters, resulting in gene silencing.

D. Inhibition of DNA repair enzymes.

Question 3.5. Which of the following cancers is caused by smokeless tobacco use?

A. Cancer of the oral cavity

B. Esophageal cancer

C. Pancreatic cancer

D. All of the above

Question 3.6. Knudson’s hypothesis regarding cancer susceptibility:

A. Postulates that predisposition to cancer arises as the result of a het-

erozygous germ line mutation, which then requires a second acquired

mutation in the unaffected allele for tumor to develop.

B. Was validated by observations in patients with neuroblastoma.

C. Postulates that different genes are involved in familial and sporadic

forms of a tumor.

D. None of the above.

Question 3.7. All of the following are true regarding genetic changes that are involved

in cancer initiation, EXCEPT:

A. Changes in genes regulating cell cycle can be involved in cancer initi-

ation.

B. Changes in genes that maintain DNA integrity can be involved in

cancer initiation.

C. Genetic mutations involved with cancer initiation only occur in the

tissue of origin.

D. Changes in genes regulating cellular functions, such as angiogenesis,

can be involved in cancer initiation.

Question 3.8. Current American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines rec-

ommend testing for cancer susceptibility syndromes in the following,

EXCEPT:

A. The general population should be tested for the common cancer sus-

ceptibility syndromes.

B. In individuals suspected to have familial syndrome.

C. Genetic test can be adequately interpreted.

D. Genetic test results will aid management of individuals undergoing

the test.