Science - USA (2022-05-06)

A predicted consequence of long-term small population size is the reduced efficacy of pu- rifying selection against weakly delet ...

inbreeding depression when made homozy- gous through inbreeding. We found that the total number of heterozygous putatively dele- ...

population size of five (Fig. 3B). These results emphasize that the number of remaining vaquita individuals is also a critical f ...

ICE SHEETS A dynamic saline groundwater system mapped beneath an Antarctic ice stream Chloe D. Gustafson1,2*, Kerry Key^1 , Matt ...

models ( 13 ). The groundwater salinity increases with depth, indicating that the deep and shallow subglacial water systems are ...

of stratified sediments (>100 m) ( 22 , 26 ) but were not able to conclusively map depth to bedrock (i.e., total sediment thi ...

at least an order of magnitude greater than the water in shallow sub–ice stream hydro- logic systems [~2 to 15 m for Siple Coast ...

unequivocal evidence and new constraints for groundwater in a >1-km-thick sedimentary basin. The inferred salinity gradient s ...

coral community was found at neighboring Caneel Bay, with lower recreational use but presumably the same impacts from global str ...

The high concentration of oxybenzone- glucoside and other presumably photosensitiz- ing metabolites inAiptasiaco-occurred with o ...

them more susceptible to oxybenzone-induced phototoxicity. This may be a practical problem at reefs where recreational swimming ...

potent phototoxins. These same pathways may also produce phototoxins from other organic sunscreens [e.g., salicylates ( 19 ) and ...

reflection in thicker (3 to 10 nm) ZrO 2 films and the emergence of the o-phase (111) reflec- tions for ultrathin (≤2 nm) films ...

analysis (fig. S5) and HR-TEM simulations (fig. S6). Notably, this technique indicates that the polar o-phase emerges in 2-nm Zr ...

fig. S10). As ZrO 2 drops below the critical 2-nm thickness,P-Vbehavior for 1-nm and 5-Å ZrO 2 displays ferroelectric-like count ...

( 25 ), marking one key distinction between the two ferroelectric systems. Besides simply stabilizing atomic-scale fer- roelectr ...

PALEOECOLOGY A stronger role for long-term moisture change than for CO 2 in determining tropical woody vegetation change William ...

The direction and strength of the relationships between the various variables were assessed through structural equation modeling ...

of the predictor variables using the distribution of the standardized coefficients of the SEMs. Regardless of time interval, moi ...

eCO2 may not necessarily result in higher woody cover. Possible explanations for the small CO 2 effect on woody cover are that i ...