The Turing Guide
82 | 9 AT BlETCHlEy PARk British successes in the U-boat war—where Turing was a key player—freed up the supply routes from North ...
COPElAND | 83 Can historians quantify Turing’s impact on the course of the war? They certainly cannot claim with any great confi ...
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CHAPTER 10 The Enigma machine joel greenberg S hortly after the end of the First World War, the German Navy learned that its enc ...
86 | 10 THE ENIGmA mACHINE The version deployed by the navy, called the M1, was functionally compatible with Model I, but there ...
GREENBERG | 87 the course of a message, since these were limited to 250 characters, or 320 in the case of Naval Enigma. Each whe ...
88 | 10 THE ENIGmA mACHINE The wiring inside the wheels of the Enigma M3 was different from that in earlier models. The M3 also ...
GREENBERG | 89 keystroke, while the movement of the middle and left-hand wheels was determined by the position of the ring. As a ...
90 | 10 THE ENIGmA mACHINE The new wheel—which did not move during encryption, and could not be exchanged with the other Naval E ...
GREENBERG | 91 received). IJTV USYX was the indicator (repeated at the end of the message). The final line, added by the British ...
92 | 10 THE ENIGmA mACHINE reduce the number of possible wheel orders from 336 to as few as ten or twenty, so making the codebre ...
GREENBERG | 93 sender proceeded to disguise ARQ before transmitting it. To do so, he chose another trigram from the K-book, YVT ...
94 | 10 THE ENIGmA mACHINE turned over a step whenever the right-hand wheel was in what was called a ‘turnover position’, and th ...
GREENBERG | 95 It took the brilliance of Alan Turing, the leadership of Hugh Alexander, and the razor-sharp minds of the other c ...
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CHAPTER 11 Breaking machines with a pencil m av i s b at e y * D illy Knox, the renowned First World War codebreaker, was the fi ...
98 | 11 BREAkING mACHINES wITH A PENCIl for ‘professor types’ during both world wars—including Dillwyn (Dilly) Knox (Fig. 11.1) ...
BATEy | 99 themselves—to deduce the wiring of two wheels of the German plugboard Enigma machine. Twinn, a mathematician who had ...
100 | 11 BREAkING mACHINES wITH A PENCIl Dilly encouraged Turing to think about mechanizing the breaking of Enigma messages, and ...
BATEy | 101 good throughout the Spanish Civil War. But the wiring was different in the Germans’ own military version of the mach ...
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