úúú÷èöæòð
(7903 Ýèö
ÐÎÝÝâ^VYRLK PU H ZJOVVS ^P[O H Z\YMLP[ VM JSHZZYVVTZ
0U T` MPYZ[ ZJOVVS ^L×K OHK [OYLL YVVTZ
ZOHYLK IL[^LLU LPNO[ ,UNSPZO [LHJOLYZ 0×K
UL]LY OHK T` V^U YVVT ILMVYL
;OLYL ^HZ H KPZ[\YIPUN Z[VY` ILOPUK [OPZ
:JOVVSZ PU :\UKLYSHUK OH]L L_WLYPLUJLK
MHSSPUN W\WPS U\TILYZ MVY ZL]LYHS `LHYZ ;OL
WVW\SH[PVU PZ KLJSPUPUN Ô HUK ^P[O M\UKPUN MVY
ZJOVVSZ HSSVJH[LK WLY OLHK ZV PZ [OL TVUL`
PU [OL LK\JH[PVU ZZ[LT :V\[OTVVY PZ S\JR
[V IL I\JRPUN [OL [YLUK I[ P[ OHZ THKL MVY
H MHY TVYL WYLJHYPV\Z LU]PYVUTLU[
<USPRL 3VUKVU `V\ JHU×[ Q\Z[ JV\U[ VU
[OL L]LY L_WHUKPUN WVW\SH[PVU [V MPSS `V\Y
ZJOVVS WSHJLZ ZV [OL JVTWL[P[PVU IL[^LLU
ZJOVVSZ [LUKZ L]LY TVYL [V [OL J[[OYVH[
;OH[ OHZ PTWSPJH[PVUZ MVY ^OH[ JHU IL VMMLYLK
PU [LYTZ VM L_[YHJ\YYPJ\SH VWWVY[\UP[PLZ
PU[LYZJOVVS YLSH[PVUZOPWZ HUK ZPTWS` [OL
SL]LS VM YLZV\YJPUN
6M JV\YZL JVTWL[P[PVU PU ZJOVVSZ PZ UV[
Q\Z[ MVY W\WPSZ ;OL U\TILYVUL YLZV\YJL
PZ [LHJOLYZ HUK [OL LTWSV`TLU[ THYRL[ ^HZ
HUV[OLY PUZ[Y\J[P]L JVU[YHZ[
0U IV[O 3VUKVU ZJOVVSZ [OLYL ^LYL
[^V 6_IYPKNL NYHK\H[LZ PU [OL ,UNSPZO
KLWHY[TLU[ HSVUL ^P[O HZ THU` HZ ZL]LU
VY LPNO[ HJYVZZ [OL ZJOVVS ;OL YHUNL VM
IHJRNYV\UKZ ^HZ ]HZ[ MYVT (\Z[YHSPHUZ
Z\WWS` [LHJOPUN [OLPY ^H` HYV\UK [OL ^VYSK
[V MPYZ[ NLULYH[PVU PTTPNYHU[Z [V `V\UN
[LHJOLYZ ^OV×K YVJRLK \W PU 3VUKVU MYVT
L]LY` WHY[ VM [OL <2
0U :\UKLYSHUK 0 ^V\SK LZ[PTH[L WLY
JLU[ VM [LHJOLYZ [V IL MYVT [OL 5VY[O ,HZ[
;OPZ WYVIHIS` PZU×[ H YL]LSH[PVU 0[ THRLZ
ZLUZL (UK [OLYL HYL O\NL HK]HU[HNLZ
UV[ SLHZ[ Z[HIPSP[` HUK JVTTVU J\S[\YHS
NYV\UK )\[ ^OLU H SV[ VM [LHJOLYZ HSZV ^LU[
[V \UP]LYZP[` PU :\UKLYSHUK Ô VY H[ SLHZ[ PU[OL Z\YYV\UKPUN HYLH Ô P[ UHYYV^Z [OL
L_WLYPLUJL VM W\WPSZ
>OLU 0 [\YULK \W 0 MLS[ SPRL H JPYJ\Z MYLHR
4` ]VPJL T` JSV[OLZ T` ILHYK HUK T`
IHJRNYV\UK HSS THYRLK TL V\[ 0[ KPKU×[ OLSW
[OH[ T` LTWSV`LYZ ZLLTLK PU[LU[ VU [LSSPUN
L]LY`VUL H[ L]LY` [\YU Q\Z[ OV^ KPMMLYLU[
0 ^HZ :VTL[PTLZ P[ ZLLTLK T` UHTL ^HZ
Ù:HTT` >YPNO[ 6_MVYK NYHK\H[LÚ
>O` ZOV\SK P[ IL ^LPYK [V IL HU 6_MVYK
NYHK\H[L ^VYRPUN PU H :\UKLYSHUK
JVTWYLOLUZP]L& 0M TVYL WLVWSL ^LU[ H^H`
[V [OL ILZ[ \UP]LYZP[PLZ TH`IL TVYL WLVWSL
^V\SK JVTL IHJR MYVT [OLT [VV (UK
TH`IL ^L TPNO[ LUK \W ^P[O H YLNPVU [OH[
MLLSZ SLZZ KPZ[HUJLK MYVT [OL WVSP[PJHS
KLJPZPVUZ [OH[ HMMLJ[ \Z HSS×ò÷ öò çìģèõèñ÷
(M[LY HSS P[ PZU×[ Q\Z[ [OL Z[HMMPUN [OH[ PZ SLZZ
KP]LYZL )V[O [OL *HTKLU ZJOVVS 0 ^VYRLK
PU HUK T` J\YYLU[ ZJOVVS PU :\UKLYSHUK OH]L
HWWYV_PTH[LS` [OL ZHTL SL]LS VM KPZHK]HU[HNL
Ô HUK [OL ZHTL 6MZ[LK YH[PUN Ô I\[ VUS` VUL
VM [OLT ^HZ LU[Y\Z[LK ^P[O [OL LK\JH[PVU VM
[OL JOPSKYLU VM [^V TLTILYZ VM [OL )SHPY
NV]LYUTLU[ 0[ KVLZU×[ [HRL H NYLH[ SLHW VM
[OL PTHNPUH[PVU [V [OPUR VM YLHZVUZ ^O` [OL
WYVISLTZ VM 3VUKVU ZJOVVSZ HYL OPNOLY \W
[OL WYPVYP[` SPZ[
<S[PTH[LS` [OLYL PZ TVYL [OH[ PZ ZPTPSHY [OHU
KPMMLYLU[ I\[ ^L KV ULLK [V HJRUV^SLKNL
[OVZL KPMMLYLUJLZ HUK YLHSS` KPN KV^U PU[V
^OH[ [OL` HYL
:V\[OTVVY PZ UV^ H O\I MVY [OL 6_5L[
WYVNYHTTL >L HYL SVVRPUN [V [Y` [V
JOHUNL [OL L_WLJ[H[PVUZ VM Z[\KLU[Z YV\UK
OLYL 0U VUL ZLUZL [OL ^OVSL [OPUN PZ
HIZ\YK VM JV\YZL Ô T` Z[\KLU[Z PU [OL 5VY[O
HYL [OL ZHTL HZ [OVZL 0 OHK PU [OL :V\[O
HUK 0×T WYL[[` Z\YL >LZ[ HUK ,HZ[ ^V\SK
JVUJ\Y :[\KLU[Z HYL Z[\KLU[Z ;OL` HYL
MPSSLK [V I\YZ[PUN ^P[O H KPZ[\YIPUN TP_ VM
WV[LU[PHS HUK WV[LU[PHS KPZHZ[LY ^OLYL]LY
`V\ MPUK [OLT
)\[ [OL YLHZVU [OL ^VYR ULLKZ KVPUN PZ
WLYOHWZ [OL ZHKKLZ[ JVU[YHZ[ VM HSS >OLU
0 ^VYRLK PU 3VUKVU 0 ZLLTLK [V ZWLUK H
ZPNUPMPJHU[ HTV\U[ VM [PTL [Y`PUN [V JVU]PUJL
Z[\KLU[Z [V TVKLYH[L [OLPY HTIP[PVUZ H SP[[SL
)\[ PU [OL 5VY[O ,HZ[ [OL JOHSSLUNL ZLLTZ
[V SPL PU THRPUN [OLT ZLL OV^ IYPNO[ [OLPY
M\[\YLZ JV\SK IL Ô HUK OV^ H[[HPUHISL
:V TH`IL ^L JHU Z[HY[ I` TV]PUN IL`VUK
[OL RLZ[YLSZ HUK ZLLPUN [OL 5VY[O MVY ^OH[
P[ PZ! HUV[OLY WSHJL [V MPUK [HSLU[:HTT` >YPNO[ PZ KPYLJ[VYVM ZP_[O MVYT
H[ :V\[OTVVY(JHKLT` :\UKLYSHUK